نتایج جستجو برای: terrestrial atmosphere
تعداد نتایج: 87850 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
We explore the vertical convective flux Fc in a radiative-convective grey atmosphere. An expression of the form Fc = Fsτo/(C +Dτo) appears useful, where Fs is the shortwave flux absorbed at the base of an atmosphere with longwave optical depth τo and C and D are constants. We find excellent agreement with an idealized grey radiative-convective model with no shortwave absorption for D = 1 and C ...
Continental-scale estimations of terrestrial methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes over a long time period are crucial to accurately assess the global balance of greenhouse gases and enhance our understanding and prediction of global climate change and terrestrial ecosystem feedbacks. Using a process-based global biogeochemical model, the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model (DLEM), we quantifie...
Organic matter (OM) plays a major role in both terrestrial and oceanic biogeochemical cycles. The amount of carbon stored in these systems is far greater than that of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) in the atmosphere, and annual fluxes of CO2 from these pools to the atmosphere exceed those from fossil fuel combustion. Understanding the processes that determine the fate of detrital material is important f...
[1] An atmospheric transport model and observations of atmospheric CO2 are used to evaluate the performance of four Terrestrial Carbon Models (TCMs) in simulating the seasonal dynamics and interannual variability of atmospheric CO2 between 1980 and 1991. The TCMs were forced with time varying atmospheric CO2 concentrations, climate, and land use to simulate the net exchange of carbon between th...
The major goals of NASA's Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) and the European Space Agency's Darwin missions are to detect terrestrial-sized extrasolar planets directly and to seek spectroscopic evidence of habitable conditions and life. Here we recommend wavelength ranges and spectral features for these missions. We assess known spectroscopic molecular band features of Earth, Venus, and Mars in t...
Terrestrial waters represent less than a mere 1% of the total amount of water on Earth. However, they have crucial impact on terrestrial life and human needs, and play a major role in climate variability. Excluding the ice caps, fresh water on land is stored in various reservoirs: snow pack, glaciers, aquifers and other geological formations, root zone (upper few meters of the soil), and surfac...
The eeect of orographically generated breaking gravity waves is parametrised in a global circulation model of the Martian atmosphere using schemes adapted from terrestrial models. The schemes arètuned' by comparing model integrations with and without gravity wave drag with temperatures derived from the Mariner 9 IRIS instrument. Without gravity wave drag the global circulation model temperature...
Compared to Earth’s atmosphere, Mars has a thin CO2-rich atmosphere with a surface pressure of about 700 Pa. When normalized to planetary mass (mass of Mars is 10.7% of that of Earth), the abundance of volatiles on Mars is about 0.07% to 6% of that on Earth (when CO2 in terrestrial carbonates is included). Is the depletion of volatiles on Mars a primary feature (because less volatiles accreted ...
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