A number of growth factors determine the proliferation of myoblasts and therefore the number of ultimate myofibers. The members of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) family and the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) have profound effects on skeletal myoblasts proliferation in various animal systems. To investigate their involvement in different stages of avian skeletal muscle development in...

The poor self-healing ability of cartilage necessitates the development of methods for cartilage regeneration. Scaffold construction with live stem cell incorporation and subsequent differentiation presents a promising route. Projection stereolithography (PSL) offers high resolution and processing speed as well as the ability to fabricate scaffolds that precisely fit the anatomy of cartilage de...

Venous leg ulcer (VLU) is a huge healthcare problem with poorly understood pathophysiology. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and endoglin (Eng), are inflammatory and wound healing mediators. Eng, co-receptor for TGF-β type-II receptors, may be cleaved forming soluble Eng (sEng), antagonizing TGF-β signaling, a crucial process in vascular pathologies. We evaluated the accumulation in wound f...

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a group of multifunctional regulatory polypeptides that are secreted by a large variety of cells and play a crucial role in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and extracellular matrix production (reviewed by Roberts and Sporn, 1990; Massagué, 1990; Moses et al., 1990, Derynck, 1994). Based on these activities and its expression during embryoge...

Chronic wounds affect more than 2% of the population worldwide, with a significant burden on affected individuals, healthcare systems, and societies. A key regulator entire wound healing cascade is transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which regulates not only inflammation extracellular matrix formation but also revascularization. This present work aimed at characterizing tissues obtained fr...

Overexpression of Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 2 (Smurf2) in chondrocytes was reported to cause spontaneous osteoarthritis (OA) in mice. However, it is unclear whether Smurf2 is involved in bone and cartilage homeostasis and if it is required for OA pathogenesis. Here we characterized age-related changes in the bone and articular cartilage of Smurf2-deficient (MT) mice by microCT and histol...

BACKGROUND The Autologous Chondrocytes Transplantation (ACT) method is being studied for repair of cartilage diseases. As the chondrocytes dedifferentiated during monolayer culture, three-dimensional cultures are suggested to redifferentiate them. The aim of this study was investigation of the effect of TGF-β3 growth factor on chondrocytes in pellet culture system. MATERIALS AND METHODS The c...

Abstract Background TGF-β and its receptors play a crucial role in asthma pathogenesis, bronchial hyperreactivity, remodeling. Expression of isoforms 1–3 TGFβ cytokine is influenced by tagging polymorphisms the TGFβ1, TGFβ2 TGFβ3 gene, these SNPs may be associated with risk development severity as well other diseases. Polymorphic forms TGF-β1, TGF-β2 TGF-β3 genes regulate degree inflammation, d...

Transforming growth factor-βs (TGF-β1-3) are cytokines that regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of various cell types. The present study describes the induction of TGF-β1-3 in the rat after focal ischemia at 3 h, 24 h, 72 h and 1 month after transient (1 h) or permanent (24 h) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) using in situ hybridization histochemistry and quantitati...

Exogenous addition of neutralising antibody to transforming growth factor-β1,2 to cutaneous wounds in adult rodents reduces scarring. Three isoforms of transforming growth factor-β (1, 2 and 3) have been identified in mammals. We investigated the isoform/isoforms of TGF-β responsible for cutaneous scarring by: (i) reducing specific endogenous TGF-β isoforms by exogenous injection of isoform spe...