Spinal cord injury (SCI) involves large-scale deafferentation of supraspinal structures in the somatosensory system, producing well-known long-term effects at the thalamo-cortical level. We recently showed that SCI provokes immediate changes in cortical spontaneous and evoked responses and here, we have performed a similar study to define the immediate changes produced in the thalamic ventro-po...

BACKGROUND Electrical stimulation of the thalamus dramatically reduces essential tremor (ET). It has been hypothesized that the cerebellum and inferior olive are involved in the generation of ET, and thalamic stimulation is presumed to dampen ET through interactions with cerebellar output to the thalamus. Evidence suggests that abnormal timing of agonist and antagonist muscle responses contribu...

this paper presents a formulation of unit commitment for thermal units integrated with wind and solar energy systems and electrical vehicles with emphasizing on mixed integer nonlinear programming (minlp). the renewable energy resources are included in this model due to their low electricity cost and positive effect on environment. as well as, coordinated charging strategy of electrical vehicle...

Sensory stimulation drives complex interactions across neural circuits as information is encoded and then transmitted from one brain region to the next. In the highly interconnected thalamocortical circuit, these complex interactions elicit repeatable neural dynamics in response to temporal patterns of stimuli that provide insight into the circuit properties that generated them. Here, using a c...

Pre-stimulus theta (4-8Hz) power in the hippocampus and neocortex predicts whether a memory for a subsequent event will be formed. Anatomical studies reveal thalamus-hippocampal connectivity, and lesion, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological studies show that memory processing involves the dorsomedial (DMTN) and anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN). The small size and deep location of these nuclei h...

Compared with the extensive characterization of chemical synaptic plasticity, electrical synaptic plasticity remains poorly understood. Electrical synapses are strong and prevalent among the GABAergic neurons of the rodent thalamic reticular nucleus. Using paired whole-cell recordings, we show that activation of Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) induces long-term depression of e...

Voltage-sensitive dye imaging was used to quantify in vivo, network level spatiotemporal cortical activation in response to electrical microstimulation of the thalamus in the rat vibrissa pathway. Thalamic microstimulation evoked a distinctly different cortical response than natural sensory stimulation, with response to microstimulation spreading over a larger area of cortex and being topograph...

Extracellular neuronal responses were recorded from the posterior insular cortex following electrical and chemical stimulation of the thalamic reticular nucleus (Rt) regions. In the present study, most neurons (29/32) were first characterized for their responses to electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal (SL) nerve or glossopharyngeal (IXth) nerve. In the first experiment, 15 neurons i...

The study presents a thalamocortical network model which oscillates within the alpha frequency band (8-13 Hz) as recorded in the wakeful relaxed state with closed eyes to study the neural causes of abnormal oscillatory activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Incorporated within the model are various types of cortical excitatory and inhibitory neurons, recurrently connected to thalamic and reticul...

The rostral intralaminar thalamic nuclei (ILn) are organized to activate pathways originating in medial prefrontal cortex (mPF) that mediate memory-guided responding during alert, wakeful states. Previous studies have shown that rostral ILn or mPF lesions produce deficits in delayed matching to position (DMTP). Here, we manipulated rostral ILn activity in rats by microinjecting drugs or applyin...