Recent Advances in the processing capabilities of Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) have enabled the implementation of an end-to-end speech translation system on these devices. We have presented a bidirectional speech-tospeech (English and Chinese) translation system, which is hosted on a PDA running embedded Linux. Our Multilingual Automatic Speech-to-Speech Translator (MASTOR) system include...

Recent Advances in the processing capabilities of Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) have enabled the implementation of an end-to-end speech translation system on these devices. We have presented a bi-directional speech-to-speech (English and Chinese) translation system, which is hosted on a PDA running embedded Linux. Our Multilingual Automatic Speech-toSpeech Translator (MASTOR) system includ...

Equivalence is one of the challenges that face translators in field translation. Since translating economic texts plays a significant role promoting communication and cooperation with other countries under umbrella globalization, translator key this context. This research attempts to investigate equivalence at above word level transferring from English into Arabic or vice versa. The study argue...

Legal translation is characterized by complexity, especially when translating from two very different legal systems such as Iraqi and Spanish, where the divergence of culture, language play a important role in makes process even more difficult for translator. In this research we will address case (in) equivalence succession documents Arabic to cite classifications said equivalences according mo...

The American Granddaughter is a novel about the war-torn country, Iraq, following horrific aftermaths caused by invasion of it in 2003. story told mainly young American-Iraqi woman, Zeina, who represents third Iraqi generation. Zeiena’s mother, Betoul, second generation, and Zeina’s grandmother, Rahma, first were present too. Although very short, chapter one says lot Zeina , now back home Ameri...

Hand gestures play an important role in communication between people during their daily lives. But the extensive use of hand gestures as a mean of communication can be found in sign languages. Sign language is the basic communication method between deaf people. A translator is usually needed when an ordinary person wants to communicate with a deaf one. The work presented in this paper aims at d...

the translator of a literary text has to observe the semantic sense of the words, the weight, the cultural setting, and other technical features of the original text to yield an acceptable translation in the tl. the accomplishment however is not that easy, for the translator meets some major impediments in performing the task. a translator who is familiar with different critical approaches, a t...

The study aims to determine the translation procedures used in translating culture-specific words Animal Farm novel by English novelist George Orwell. In order deeply examine how two translators rendered items into Arabic, researcher Vinay and Darbelnet's (1995) seven as a model for identifying employed. Based on data analysis, results of this showed that translator Mahmood Abdulghani six proce...

this qualitative study attempted to determine the approaches of select ‎iranian translator educators for assessing students’ translation quality. so, ‎a purposive sample of twelve experienced, specialist translator educators‎at major universities across iran was invited for interviews. the analysis ‎of the interview data revealed the approaches they advocated and so ‎applied to assessment of st...

This research is about the use of footnotes in an Indonesian source text and English target text. It involves a translation literary work called novel from into English. The deals with some cultures; Arabic/Islamic culture applied Islamic boarding school, Minangkabau culture, culture. That why author needs to strengthen information using regarding terms or words his novel. When which need be pu...