Pakistan has been facing an unprecedented energy crisis since the last few years. The problem becomes more severe throughout the year. The current energy shortage crisis has badly hit Pakistan’s economy where hundreds of industries have closed due to lack of electricity to fulfil their requirements. The energy supply and demand gap has risen to 5000 MW [1] and is expected to rise considerably i...

With energy resource scarcity and energy crisis in the world, energy efficiency has become a subject of great importance. In warm and humid climates as well as cold and mountainous ones, annual energy consumption is too high to achieve desirable living conditions in built environments, and hence energy efficiency measures and practices in such buildings is of utmost priority. Given the direct r...

nowadays energy is one of the most essential needs of human being and it can be considered as the basic prerequisite of social and economic development.  hence, many of the correlations and legislations of a country are affected by it. since iran has huge source of gas and oil, it has turned to a fossil fuel oriented county. but as oil and gas sources are non-renewable ones and cannot be replac...

during the 1960s, the relatively new approaches like environmental warfare and intentional environmental deterioration came in to the global security and strategic literature. till now, through different conventional and unconventional wars, the governments have imposed intentional and unintentional adverse effects on the environment some of which are lasting for decades. the application of wea...

The Ukraine war has increased coal and gas prices during 2022. Consequently, spot in Australia's National Electricity Market rose from $75 to $225/MWh, year-on-year. Households are shielded prices, but as energy retailer hedge contracts mature, they replaced by higher cost contracts, end-use retail tariffs will then rise. In this article, fuel poverty levels Queensland analysed. Model results f...