what features and advantages does the prophet have which distinguish him from others? to answer this question, the writer names three approaches: 1. epistemical approach, 2. responsibility approach, and 3, situational approach. in the first approach, he examines various viewpoints which all view divine knowledge (ma‘rifat) as the prophet's distinctive feature. in the second approach, the s...

the conversion to islam and bay’at of the newly converted muslims are significant to draw the relationship between the prophet of islam and muslims. there are lots of records and researches which depict the different aspects of bay’at between men and the prophet. then, what is significant is to examine if the prophet also took the bay’at of women and, if yes, under which conditions? in fact, th...

It is well known that certain Islamic Jurists and Scholars like Imam Bukari, Imam Muslim, and Imam Tirmizi, did exhaustive research to collect the sayings and traditions of our beloved Prophet PBUH. They then presented their collected works as 'Al Hadith' of the Prophet to the populace. Not only were these authenticated, as to their degree of authenticity, but each of the witnesses, or the chai...