This Viewpoint addresses two issues in comparing data from humans and animals in studies of cardiovascular physiology: 1) accuracy of methods and 2) limits in extrapolating data from one species to another. You are invited to submit a brief commentary on this Viewpoint, which will be reviewed by Journal of Applied Physiology editors for possible publication in the Journal. Please limit your com...

It is now recognised that genetic, epigenetic and phenotypic heterogeneity within individual human cancers is responsible for therapeutic resistance - knowledge that is having a profound impact on current thinking and experimentation. There has been concern that molecularly targeted therapy is doomed to failure, with resistant clones emerging in response to the Darwinian selective pressure of a...

Researchers and other (human) actors within the apparatus of animal experimentation find themselves in a tight corner. They rely on public acceptance to promote their legitimacy and to receive funding. At the same time, those working with animal experimentation take risks by going public, fearing that the public will misunderstand their work and animal rights activists may threaten them. The di...

OBJECTIVE Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a well-established clinical protocol with numerous potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Yet, much work remains in the elucidation of TMS mechanisms, optimization of protocols, and in development of novel therapeutic applications. As with many technologies, the key to these issues lies in the proper experimentation and translatio...

Animal experimentation is necessary to characterize human diseases and design adequate therapeutic interventions. In renal transplantation research, the limited number of in vitro models involves a crucial role for in vivo models and particularly for the porcine model. Pig and human kidneys are anatomically similar (characterized by multilobular structure in contrast to rodent and dog kidneys u...

In spite of wide spread investigations performed,the biological effects of ultrasound waves,specially on DNA molecule has not been fully understood.since any alteration in DNA molecule can lead to chromosome abnormality,the study of clastogenic effects of ultrasound is important.in this study,the effect of 1MHz frequency continuous waves with the power of 0.5,1 and 1.5 watts on G human lymphocy...

The objective of this review article was to examine current and prospective developments in the scientific use of laboratory animals, and to find out whether or not there are still valid scientific benefits of and justification for animal experimentation. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched using the following key words: animal models, basic research, pharmaceutical research, ...

This paper provides an overview of recent research on alcohol and aggression. We examine major experimental laboratory paradigms used in research on the social factors and psychological processes that elicit aggression among healthy persons under conditions of acute alcohol intoxication and sobriety. Issues concerning the validity of such experimental research in relation to violence in everyda...