Permanganate oxidation of benzaldehyde and p-nitrobenzaldehyde goes by two paths, i.e. a major one which is responsible for the normal oxidation giving good second order kinetic and minor path which involves a very small percent of a radical species formed by hydrogen atom abstraction by the permanganate ion. A mechanism involving Hydrogen atom abstraction by permanganate from the alkoxide ion ...

In this paper, the behavior of oxidized methylcelluloses is compared with that of the initial methylcellulose, an amphiphilic cellulose derivative. Methylcelluloses are important for many applications in the cosmetic and food industries. The mechanism of thermo-gelation of methylcellulose is briefly explained as well as the method of oxidation of polysaccharides. Then, our experiments involve t...

To increase the yield of the wafer-level Cu-Cu thermo-compression bonding method, certain surface pre-treatment methods for Cu are studied which can be exposed to the atmosphere before bonding. To inhibit re-oxidation under atmospheric conditions, the reduced pure Cu surface is treated by H2/Ar plasma, NH3 plasma and thiol solution, respectively, and is covered by Cu hydride, Cu nitride and a s...

When using heteropolycompounds in the selective oxidation of isobutane to methacrolein and methacrylic acid, both the keeping of the primary structure (Keggin units) and the presence of acidic sites are necessary to obtain the desired products. The structural evolution of supported (NH4)3HPMo11VO40 (APMV) catalysts under preliminary thermal oxidizing and reducing treatments was investigated. Va...

It is now accepted that primordial non-cellular RNA communities must have been subject to a periodic drive in order to replicate and prosper. We have proposed the oxidation of thiosulfate by hydrogen peroxide as this drive. This reaction system behaves as (i) a thermochemical and (ii) a pH oscillator, and in this work, we unify (i) and (ii) for the first time. We report thermally self-consisten...

In order to determine the impact of thermo priming on germination of soybean seeds, an experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with three replications. The factors of studied included different time thermo priming (control, 5 and 10 minutes) through the placing seeds were exposed to oven. The results showed that the effect of thermo priming was significant on germination perc...

Adhesive-free fiberboards can be self-bonded through high temperature thermo-compression processes. To achieve it, treatments such as steam explosion/injection, as well as chemical and enzymatic oxidation have been implemented. However, the role of extractive components in the structure and cohesiveness of fiberboards has not been fully understood. In this work fibers of leaf plantain were trea...

In this contribution we describe the results of a study into the thermal and thermo-mechanical behavior of a high temperature micro gas reactor for investigation of the intrinsic reaction kinetics of rhodium-catalyzed direct catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) of methane into synthesis gas. The chip comprises a flow channel etched in silicon, capped with a thin composite membrane of heavily boron...

Porous materials with ligament sizes in the submicrometer to nanometer regime have a high potential for future applications such as catalysts, actuators, or radiation tolerant materials, which require properties like high strength-to-weight ratio, high surface-to-volume ratio, or large interface density as for radiation tolerance. The objective of this work was to manufacture ultra-fine porous ...