Chiroptical spectroscopies provide structural analyses of molecules and nanoparticles but they require sample volumes that are incompatible with generating large chemical libraries. New optical tools needed to characterize chirality for the ultrasmall (<1 µl) required in high-throughput synthetic analytical stations chiral compounds. Here we show experimentally a novel photonic effect enables s...

In this paper, a new type of harmonic injection permanent magnet shape optimization method is proposed to suppress the torque ripple surface-mounted synchronous motor. The sinusoidal waveform shaping axial section added with third shaping, and sine wave are derived. optimal ratio 6:1. no combined compared. results show that design can effectively surface mounted motor obtain relatively large ou...