The design of closed-loop supply chain networks has attracted increasing attention in recent decades with environmental concerns and commercial factors. Due to the rapid growth of knowledge and technology, the complexity of the supply chain operations is increasing daily and organizations are faced with numerous challenges and risks in their management. Most organizations with limited resources...

In today’s global free market, third-party logistics providers (3PLs) are becoming increasingly important. This paper studies a problem faced by a 3PL operating a warehouse in Shanghai, China, under contract with a major manufacturer of children’s clothing based in the United States. At the warehouse, the 3PL receives textile parcel shipments from the suppliers located in China; each shipment i...

Background: Logistics service outsourcing in recent years has influenced the evolution of third-party logistics (3PL) providers across globe. The study explored evolving services 3PLs and relational factors that influence relationship with their customers. Methods: Qualitative research multiple case studies from four different industries were used. Semi-structured interviews adopted. Results: f...

a r t i c l e i n f o In the last decade, the growing economy in Taiwan has brought about rapid growth in the logistics demands of enterprises. An important goal in the field of third party logistics (3PLs) is to improve the performance of logistics activities to enhance operation efficiency and enterprise competency. However, the employee performance must be determined in order to improve the ...

Abstract Supply-chain management of the forest industry focuses on improving client services which requires efficient collaboration between organizations in practice. Therefore, third party logistics (3PL) and fourth (4PL) companies were analyzed using a survey inductive organizational gap-analysis. The supply-chain 3PLs asked for better quality information from factories logistics. They also n...

Environmental sustainability is an area of increasing importance for third party logistics (3PL) companies. As the design and implementation of services requires interaction between buyer and 3PL, the 3PLs are in a critical position to support the efforts towards greening operations of different supply chain participants. However the literature in this field reflects a gap between the perspecti...

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>This paper investigates decisions in a three-echelon closed-loop supply chain composed of one manufacturer, retailer, and third-party logistics provider (3PL), with the retailer being dominant. Inspired by game theory, we develop an equilibrium model for retailer-led, under outsourcing. We derive optimal forward reverse each member. This article analyzes effec...