نتایج جستجو برای: thyroid eye disease
تعداد نتایج: 1685574 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Graves' thyroid disease is a relatively common disorder in endocrinology and general internal medicine practice. Graves' hyperthyroidism is mediated by circulating stimulating autoantibodies. Up to 60% of patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism develop some form of Graves' orbitopathy. Immune reactivity to the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor is also thought to play a role in the immunopathog...
BACKGROUND Ocular manifestations of thyroid dysfunction constitute a wide clinical spectrum ranging from minor ocular discomfort, lid retraction, lid lag and ocular injection, to sight threatening eyeball protusion and optic nerve compression. Thyroid-related eye disorders are most commonly associated with Graves' disease, and this most frequently occurs in the setting of hyperthyroidism. Howev...
BACKGROUND Medical management of thyroid eye disease remains controversial due to a paucity of high quality evidence on long-term treatment outcomes. Glucocorticoids are known to be effective initially but have significant side-effects with long-term use and recrudescence can occur on cessation. Current evidence is conflicting on the efficacy of radiotherapy and non-steroid systemic immunosuppr...
Thyroid eye disease can lead to impaired social and physical functioning. A patient’s quality of life is greatly affected, and physicians often feel powerless to control this progressive disease. Patients with thyroid eye disease (also known as Graves ophthalmopathy [GO]) frequently experience cosmetic disfigurement and functional disability. Pain, proptosis, ocular injection, swelling of the e...
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