In physiological conditions, heart period (HP) affects systolic arterial pressure (SAP) through diastolic runoff and Starling's law, but, the reverse relation also holds as a result of the continuous action of baroreflex control. The prevailing mechanism sets the dominant temporal direction in the HP-SAP interactions (i.e., causality). We exploited cross-conditional entropy to assess HP-SAP cau...

acoustic analysis of sounds produced during speech provides significant information about the physiology of larynx and vocal tract. the analysis of voice power spectrum is a fundamental sensitive method of acoustic assessment that provides valuable information about the voice source and characteristics of vocal tract resonance cavities. the changes in long-term average spectrum (ltas) spectral ...

Human vision uses saccadic eye movements to rapidly shift the sensitive foveal portion of our retina to objects of interest. For vision to function properly amidst these ballistic eye movements, a mechanism is needed to extract discrete percepts on each fixation from the continuous stream of neural activity that spans fixations. The speed of visual parsing is crucial because human behaviors ran...

BACKGROUND Tilt testing is used to establish the diagnosis of neurally mediated syncope. However, applicability of the tilt test is limited by test sensitivity and length of time required to perform the test. We hypothesized that adenosine could facilitate the induction of neurally mediated syncope through its sympathomimetic effects and therefore could be used as an alternative to routine tilt...

Primates are able to localize a briefly flashed target despite intervening movements of the eyes, head or body. This ability, often referred to as updating, requires extra-retinal signals related to the intervening movement. With active roll rotations of the head from an upright position it has been shown that the updating mechanism is three-dimensional, robust and geometrically sophisticated. ...

Primates are able to localize a briefly flashed target despite intervening movements of the eyes, head, or body. This ability, often referred to as updating, requires extraretinal signals related to the intervening movement. With active roll rotations of the head from an upright position it has been shown that the updating mechanism is 3-dimensional, robust, and geometrically sophisticated. Her...

background: syncope is a common clinical problem which can be remarkably debilitating and associated with high health care costs. syncope is a clinical syndrome with many potential causes. the aim of the study was to determine the etiologies of patients with syncope in the emergency department (ed) of a referral and general university hospital.  methods: one hundred sixty-five consecutive patie...