Granulomas are collections of histiocytes that develop as an inflammatory response to bacterial and fungal infections, as well as foreign substances. We discuss here the case of a 49-year-old male who presented with a penile and scrotal mass with granulomatous inflammation, after application of a topical cream for enhancement of erectile function. While granuloma formation can often be seen wit...

Treatments such as surgical excision, cryotherapy, topical application of imiquimod cream and 5-fluorouracil cream, and radiotherapy are commonly chosen based on the depth and exten‐ sion of the lesions. Limitations and side-effects of the conventional therapies motivate the development of other techniques. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is presented as an alternative treatment for basal cell carci...

We developed and tested a new putative analgesic cream, based on the anticonvulsant phenytoin in patients suffering from treatment refractory neuropathic pain. The use of commercial topical analgesics is not widespread due to the facts that capsaicin creams or patches can give rise to side effects, such as burning, and analgesic patches (e.g., lidocaine 5% patches) have complex handling, especi...

Topical steroids are used for the treatment of primary atopic dermatitis (AD); however, their associated risk of serious complications is great due to the presence of vulnerable lesions in young children with AD. Topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs) are steroid-free, anti-inflammatory agents used for topical AD therapy. However, their use is prohibited in infants <2 years of age because of the...

This randomized, double-blind study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the topical cream Theraflex-TMJ (NaBob/Rx, San Mateo, CA) in patients with masseter muscle pain and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain. Fifty-two subjects (5 males and 47 females) were instructed to apply a cream over the afflicted masseter muscle(s) or over the jaw joint(s) twice daily for two weeks. Theraflex-TM...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the vehicle effect on in vitro diffusion of Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) from new five topical formulations: microemulsion (A), microemulsion+silica (B), Na Alginate emulgel (C), Carbopol cream (D) and hydroxyethylcellulose gel (E).Furthermore, the skin irritation potential and the formulation effect on skin reaction induced by histamine were investi...

Two hundred and 91 patients showing signs and symptoms of bacterial vaginosis (BV) were randomized to receive topical treatment with Fitostimoline (vaginal cream and vaginal ovules + vaginal washing) or benzydamine hydrochloride (vaginal cream + vaginal washing) for 7 days. Signs (leucorrhoea, erythema, oedema, and erosion) and symptoms (burning, pain, itching, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, and...

Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is a rare perineal neoplasia associated with a high rate of local recurrence. Surgical excision is the standard treatment; however, this has high rates of post-operative morbidity in combination with potentially mutilating results. Previous literature has demonstrated good response with imiquimod 5% cream in patients with vulval EMPD, yet its effectiveness in p...

Imiquimod 5% (Aldara, 3M Healthcare Ltd.) is a topically applied immune response modifier used in the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis, and genital warts. We reviewed the casenotes of 5 patients with histologically confirmed dysplastic lower lips who had been treated with topical imiquimod. Each patient was provided with a specially designed lower lip retractor t...

Recurrent oral herpes labialis (ROHL) is a rather widespread oral ulcerative condition with an unclear etiology. The clinical characteristics of ROHL have been defined and therapies include systemic drugs and topical application of ointment to the lips. However, these approaches have not been rigorously evaluated. Persistent, painful ROHL was successfully treated with fucoidan in two patients. ...