The fluoride ion (F) is the ionic form of the element fluorine, one of the halogen group of elements, and one of the most abundant elements found in nature. F is unique in the halogen group in terms of its affinity towards mineralized tissues and is known as a seeker of mineralized tissues. A beneficial role for topical F in the treatment of dental caries is widely accepted by many dental profe...

Quantum chemistry computations with a semicontinuum (cluster + continuum) solvation model have been used to cure long-standing misprediction of aqueous carbamate anion energies in the industrially important CO2 + aqueous amine reaction. Previous errors of over 10 kcal mol(-1) are revealed. Activation energies were also estimated with semicontinuum modeling, and a refined discussion of the compe...

Dermatomyositis (DM) is an idiopathic inflammatory process characterized by proximal muscle weakness and cutaneous lesions, such as the Gottron's sign, heliotrope rash, and erythematous photosensitive rash. Administration of systemic agents for the treatment of underlying systemic diseases leads to remission of the cutaneous lesions in many cases. However, cutaneous lesions may remain refractor...

Folates are essential nutrients that are required for one-carbon biosynthetic and epigenetic processes. While folates are absorbed in the acidic milieu of the upper small intestine, the underlying absorption mechanism has not been defined. We now report the identification of a human proton-coupled, high-affinity folate transporter that recapitulates properties of folate transport and absorption...

The kinetics of galactoside-proton symport catalysed by a wild-type strain and one carrying a mutation, previously reported to cause uncoupling of the symport reaction, have been examined. The mutation does not affect the stoichiometry during the initial period of uptake, when the internal concentration of galactoside is low, but it does result in much greater competition from the galactoside a...

The basolateral Na-H antiporter of the turtle colon exhibits both conductive and electroneutral Na+ transport (Post and Dawson. 1992. American Journal of Physiology. 262:C1089-C1094). To explore the mechanism of antiporter-mediated current flow, we compared the conditions necessary to evoke conduction and exchange, and determined the kinetics of activation for both processes. Outward (cell to e...

Molecular docking is a bioinformatics tool used to study and analyze ligand-receptor interactions. Centella asiatica (CA) known as an herbal medicine for many diseases. Madecassic acid, madecassoside, asiatic asiaticoside are compounded from CA potentially antiaging wound healing agents. This aimed evaluate the potential of anti-aging through molecular docking. The was carried out on proteins a...

From earlier studies it is known that bovine serum albumin has one high affinity binding site and several lower affinity sites for the sulfa drug N1-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanilamide (sulfaethidole) (Kostenbauder, H.B., Jawad, M.J., Perrin, J.H., and Averhart, V. (1971) J. Pharm. Sci. 60, 1658-1660). This binding has been further studied using equilibrium dialysis, microcalorimetry, ...

EmrE is an Escherichia coli H(+)-coupled multidrug transporter that provides a unique experimental paradigm because of its small size and stability, and because its activity can be studied in detergent solution. In this work, we report a study of the transient kinetics of substrate binding and substrate-induced proton release in EmrE. For this purpose, we measured transient changes in the trypt...

The principal aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of variation in proton gradient and membrane potential on the transport of glycyl-L-glutamine (Gly-Gln) by renal brush border membrane vesicles. Under our conditions of transport assay, Gly-Gln was taken up by brush border membrane vesicles almost entirely as intact dipeptide. This uptake was mediated by two transporters shar...