damage caused by freezing can be the result of differences in cellular processes, including changes in membrane properties, interactions between macromolecular and enzymatic reactions. in this experiment, total soluble solids (tss) and relative water content of the reproductive buds of cultivars “j. h. hale”, “elberta,” “redhaven, ” “sorkh sefid mashhad” and “amsden” peaches, along with nectari...

In this paper, we develop an economic production quantity (EPQ) model under machine breakdown and two types of repair (corrective and preventive). also, study the simultaneous effect of holding safety stock and purchasing policy. In order to avoid shortages occurring as a result of the random repair time, in addition to keep safety stock, we suppose that the manufacturer could purchase some qua...

The purpose of a lifetime reliability experiment is to quantify the effect of one or more factors on the lifetime of some device of interest. In such experiments, each tested device either fails or is still functioning when the experiment (under the given factor conditions) is terminated at a given time (right censored lifetimes/time-truncated testing). The purpose of this paper is to introduce...

abstract many uses of landscape and important roll of ground covers aspect turfgrasses caused extensive of this plant in the cities. this study focuses on shoot responses and tolerance of native and commercial turf grasses under drought stress in a factorial experiment based on unbalanced completely random design on the year 2006. the specious that we used in this experiment included (i) commer...

We consider the optimal selection of portfolios for utility maximizing investors under joint budget and shortfall risk constraints. The shortfall risk is measured in terms of the expected loss. Depending on the parameters of the risk constraint we show existence of an optimal solution and uniqueness of the corresponding Lagrange multipliers. Using Malliavin calculus we also provide the optimal ...

The paper concerns the problem how to purchase the reinsurance in order to make the insurer and the reinsurance company’s total risk to be least under the expected value principle. When the insurer and reinsurance company take arbitrary risk measures, sufficient conditions for optimality of reinsurance contract are given within the restricted class of admissible contracts. Further, the explicit...

S.-W. Wu, M. F. Dal Martello, and L. T. Maloney (2009) evaluated subjects' performance in a visuo-motor task where subjects were asked to hit two targets in sequence within a fixed time limit. Hitting targets earned rewards and Wu et al. varied rewards associated with targets. They found that subjects failed to maximize expected gain; they failed to invest more time in the movement to the more ...

Experiments using quantitative real-time PCR to test hypotheses are limited by technical and biological variability; we seek to minimise sources of confounding variability through optimum use of biological and technical replicates. The quality of an experiment design is commonly assessed by calculating its prospective power. Such calculations rely on knowledge of the expected variances of the m...