There is a concern about declining birth rates in both the developing and developed world (www.rand.org). Fertility rates tend to be higher in poorly resourced countries but due to high maternal and perinatal mortality, there is a reduction in birth rates. in developing countries children are needed as a labour force and to provide care for their parents in old age. in these countries, fertilit...

abstract background: fertility rate apparently is a non-interventional behavior, but in practice, it is infl uenced by social values and norms in which culture and traditional beliefs play a signifi cant role. in this regard, some studies have shown that gender roles can be associated with reproductive behaviors. with regard to the importance of annual reduction of population growth rate and it...

Background & aim: The reduction of fertility rate in the recent years in Iran may be due to the cultural and socioeconomic development in this country. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship of fertility rate with demographic, socioeconomic, and religious factors among childbearing women in a city in Easter Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 254 ...

background: although many efforts made for the advancement of medical science, it is distributed inequitably despite of all existing financial and human resources facilities. children as the most important and vulnerable groups of society are influenced by these inequities. the objective of this study is comparison of children health indices in rich and poor rural zones in mashhad/iran. methods...

This paper explains the decline in total fertility rate (TFR) in China by investigating the quantitative effect of social insurance on peoplesąŕ fertility choice when investment in children is risky. The price and income effects are heterogeneous: low-income people tend to raise more children due to the reinforcing income and price effects, whereas for rich families the income effect dominates ...

BACKGROUND While recent studies have indicated that fertility has remained high in Uganda, no systematic attempt has been made to identify the factors responsible for this persistent trend and to quantify these factors. This paper uses the Uganda Demographic and Health Surveys (UDHS) of 2006 and 2011, to examine the contribution contraceptive use, marriage and postpartum infecundability on one ...