Let R be a commutative ring with nonzero identity, Z(R) be its set of zero-divisors, Nil(R) be its ideal of nilpotent elements, and U(R) be its group of units. We define a nonempty proper subset H of R to be a multiplicative-prime subset of R if the following two conditions hold: (i) ab ∈ H for every a ∈ H and b ∈ R; (ii) if ab ∈ H for a, b ∈ R, then either a ∈ H or b ∈ H . For example, H is mu...

the zero-divisor graph of a commutative ring r with respect to nilpotent elements is a simple undirected graph $gamma_n^*(r)$ with vertex set z_n(r)*, and two vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if xy is nilpotent and xy is nonzero, where z_n(r)={x in r: xy is nilpotent, for some y in r^*}. in this paper, we investigate the basic properties of $gamma_n^*(r)$. we discuss when it will be eu...

Let R be a commutative ring with Z(R) , its set of zero-divisors and Reg(R) , its set of regular elements. Total graph of R , denoted by T (Γ(R)) , is the graph with all elements of R as vertices, and two distinct vertices x, y ∈ R , are adjacent in T (Γ(R)) if and only if x+ y ∈ Z(R) . In this paper, some properties of T (Γ(R)) have been investigated, where R is a finite commutative ring and a...

let r be a commutative ring and (r) be its zerodivisor graph. in this article, we studywiener index and energy of γ(zn ) where n = pq or n = p2q and p, q are primes. a matlabcode for our calculations is also presented.

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $mathbb{A}(R)$ be the set   of ideals of $R$ with non-zero annihilators. In this paper, we first introduce and investigate the principal ideal subgraph of the annihilating-ideal graph of $R$, denoted by $mathbb{AG}_P(R)$. It is a (undirected) graph with vertices $mathbb{A}_P(R)=mathbb{A}(R)cap mathbb{P}(R)setminus {(0)}$, where   $mathbb{P}(R)$ is...

Let R be a commutative ring and Z(R) be its set of all zero-divisors. D. F. Anderson and A. Badawi[2] introduced the total graph of R, denoted by TΓ(R), as the undirected graph with vertex set R, and two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if x+ y ∈ Z(R). For a commutative Artin ring R, T. Tamizh Chelvam and T. Asir[15] obtained the domination number of the total graph and studie...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity and $m$ an $r$-module. in this paper, we associate a graph to $m$, say ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$, such that when $m=r$, ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$ coincide with the zero-divisor graph of $r$. many well-known results by d.f. anderson and p.s. livingston have been generalized for ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$. we show that ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$ is connected with ${diam}({gamma}({}_...

Throughout this paper, R will denote a commutative ring with identity and M is a unitary R- module and Z will denote the ring of integers. We introduce the graph Ω(M) of module M with the set of vertices contain all nontrivial non-essential submodules of M. We investigate the interplay between graph-theoretic properties of Ω(M) and algebraic properties of M. Also, we assign the values of natura...

the annihilating-ideal graph of a commutative ring $r$ is denoted by $ag(r)$, whose vertices are all nonzero ideals of $r$ with nonzero annihilators and two distinct vertices $i$ and $j$ are adjacent if and only if $ij=0$. in this article, we completely characterize rings $r$ when $gr(ag(r))neq 3$.