Heterogeneity is widespread in natural environments; as a result, connected clonal ramets often live areas characterized by patches of different resources. Specifically, plants are frequently affected conditions heterogeneous water stress. This raises the question how grow and reproduce with In this study, we investigated adaptation mechanisms under environmental conditions. On one hand, bore m...

The nitroxyl (HNO) prodrug, CXL-1020, induces vasorelaxation and improves cardiac function in canine models and patients with systolic heart failure (HF). HNO's unique mechanism of action may be applicable to a broader subset of cardiac patients. This study investigated the load-independent safety and efficacy of CXL-1020 in two rodent (rat) models of diastolic heart failure and explored potent...

In order to identify Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signalling inhibitors, a cell-based high throughput screening was performed using a plant extract library that identified Nb-(alpha-hydroxynaphthoyl)serotonin called MS-1020 as a novel JAK3 inhibitor. MS-1020 potently inhibited persistently-active STAT3 in a cell type-specific manner. Further examinati...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Understanding the demography of long-lived clonal herbs, with their extreme modularity, requires knowledge of both their short- and long-term survival and ramet growth patterns. The primary objective of this study was to understand the dynamics of a clonal forest herb, Trillium recurvatum, by examining temporal and small-scale demographic patterns. We hypothesized: (i) there...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS One of the special properties of clonal plants is the capacity for physiological integration, which can increase plant performance through mechanisms such as resource sharing and co-ordinated phenotypic plasticity when plants grow in microsites with contrasting resource availabilities. However, many clonal plants are colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Since AMF...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The advantage of clonal integration (resource sharing between connected ramets of clonal plants) varies and a higher degree of integration is expected in more stressful and/or more heterogeneous habitats. Clonal facultative epiphytes occur in both forest canopies (epiphytic habitats) and forest understories (terrestrial habitats). Because environmental conditions, especially...

The population ecology of clonal plants depends on the number and distribution of ramets formed during growth. Variation in clonal reproduction has previously been explained by variation in effects of abiotic resource heterogeneity and by plant genotypic variation. Different co-occurring species of the mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been shown to differentially alter growth...

We consider a totally nonsymplectic (TNS) Anosov action of Zk which is either uniformly quasiconformal or pinched on each coarse Lyapunov distribution. We show that such an action on a torus is C∞–conjugate to an action by affine automorphisms. We also obtain similar global rigidity results for actions on an arbitrary compact manifold assuming that the coarse Lyapunov foliations are topological...

1 Corresponding author: [email protected]; 715-346-4098 2 [email protected]; 541-737-3056 ABSTRACT: Aspen (Populus tremuloides) stands inside and outside Yellowstone National Park (YNP), Wyoming, USA, were compared to test whether the lack of overstory aspen recruitment observed in YNP extended to winter ranges of elk (Cervus elaphus) in adjacent national forests. Remote sensing and fi...

Resource sharing through rhizomes of clonal plants supplements locally available nutrients to enhance recruitment and growth in resource-limited environments. We investigated whether Arundo donax, an invasive clonal plant, can benefit from clonal integration. Sharing resources between ramets can facilitate resprouting from mowing, fire and herbicide treatments, but it is unknown whether clonal ...