for a determination of soil characteristics one should have access to instruments that can measure these characteristics, including: soil penetration resistance with high accuracy. one of the accurate instruments commonly employed in soil penetration determinations is cone penetrometer. this apparatus, by measuring soil cone index at different soil depths can provide useful about information ab...

Farmers experience whole-body vibrations when they drive tractors. Among the various factors that influence the vibrations to which the driver is exposed are terrain roughness, tractor speed, tire type and pressure, rear axle width, and tractor seat height above the ground. In this paper the influence of tractor seat height above the ground on the lateral vibrations to which the tractor driver ...

Weed control automation appears to be a very promising technology based on the tremendous advances in computer processing, machine vision and robotics. Machine systems are size differences between crops weeds or regular structure of crop rows, allowing system recognize plants surrounding weeds. The paper provides description mounted for orienting row cultivator rows its displacement relative tr...

Nacrtak The work was carried out in Caprarola (Viterbo, Central Italy), in an aged Quercus cerris L. coppice positioned in hill zones, with 45% average slope. Harvesting was conducted according to the shortwood system (SWS). Felling and processing were done by chainsaw, while the bunching was performed with three different systems: in Plot 1 with mules, in Plot 2 with a tractor-mounted winch, i...

Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran Received: November 2nd, 2014; Revised: November 19th, 2014; Accepted: January 28th, 2015 Purpose: Slow manual harvesting of rain-fed chickpeas cultivated in fallow fields in developing countries have encouraged the design of a mechanical harvester. Methods: A tractor-pulled harvester was built, in which a modified str...

A simple but viable whole stalk harvester for operating under local field conditions, which is compatible with existing manual and mechanical loading and hauling systems, is described. The efficiency and output of the cutter which has been tested over a number of harvesting seasons, and the operating costs are estimated. Various systems of handling both green and burnt cane by the Midway are co...

In Mediterranean countries, olive tree pruning residue represents an abundant source of energy biomass, still largely unexploited for lack of cost-effective harvesting technology. The authors tested two industrial pruning harvesters, capable of overcoming the limits of lighter units appeared in the past years. One of the machines was designed for application to a powerful farm tractor, whereas ...