Vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) is a fundamentally important enzyme in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for acidification of endocytic compartments. The B subunits of V-ATPases from mammals and tobacco hornworm have been shown to bind actin filaments. Actin-binding activity by the B subunit is required for targeting V-ATPases to the plasma membrane of osteoclasts. Bacterially expressed B subu...

Chronic migraine (CM) and episodic migraine (EM) are part of the spectrum of migraine disorders, but they are distinct clinical entities. Population-based studies have shown that those with CM demonstrate higher individual and societal burden because they are significantly more disabled than those with EM and have greater impaired quality of life both inside and outside the home. Proper diagnos...

Results: A total of 247 plastic surgeons were included. 78.6% cited previous work at least once (mean 34.3 +/87.5 self-citations). These self-citations accounted for 4.8% of all citations. Including self-citations in bibliometric analyses increased h-indices from 9.5 +/6.9 to 10.2 +/7.6. A minority of researchers (20.1%) increased their h-index via self-citation by at least one integer value (r...

The transformed phenotype of rat FE-8 cells transfected by an activated human HRAS gene was suppressed upon fusion with normal cells. An experimental approach was developed to identify and isolate a human gene capable of suppressing the transforming activity of the HRAS oncogene in FE-8 cells. Genomic DNA from human placenta was introduced into FE-8 cells by cotransfection with the plasmid pY3 ...

Diminished expression of major histocompatibility complex class I antigens on the surface of adenovirus type 12 (Ad12)-transformed cells contributes to their high tumorigenic potential by enabling them to escape immune recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This low class I antigen expression is due to a block in class I transcription, which is mediated by Ad12 E1A. Genetic analysis has shown ...

Migraine is a debilitating headache disorder that is underdiagnosed and undertreated worldwide, partially attributable to misdiagnosis and expectations of poor treatment outcomes. This article provides a review of chronic migraine, including pathophysiology, burden, diagnosis, and management, with special emphasis on the role of NPs.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s40662-017-0070-1.].

Greater than 90% of the human population acquire Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in infancy and retain a lifelong latent infection without any clinical consequences. Nevertheless EBV has been identified as the causal agent of infectious mononucleosis, and is associated with several tumours including endemic Burkitt's lymphoma and B cell lymphomas in immunosupressed patients. B cells infected with EBV ...

This study is concerned with the numerical analysis, formulation, programming and computation of steady, 3D conservation equations of reacting laminar flow heat and mass transfer in ducts of arbitrary cross-sections. The non-orthogonal boundary-fitted coordinate transformation method is applied to the Cartesian form of overall-continuity, momenta, energy and species-continuity equations, parabo...