It is known that a real valued measure (1) on the a-ring of Baire sets of a locally compact Hausdorff space, or (2) on the Borel sets of a complete separable metric space is regular. Recently Dinculeanu and Kluvanek used regularity of non-negative Baire measures to prove that any Baire measure with values in a locally convex Hausdorff topological vector space (TVS) is regular. Subsequently a di...

CONTEXT Dyad practice may be as effective as individual practice during clinical skills training, improve students' confidence, and reduce costs of training. However, there is little evidence that dyad training is non-inferior to single-student practice in terms of skills transfer. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of simulation-based ultrasound training in pair...

the prolonged retention of fetal bone structure is an uncommon condition after a previous abortion. we describe two cases with fetal bone fragment amongst 3589 hysteroscopies (0.05%) who had no complaint other than secondary infertility. in both patients hyperechogenic areas were found through transvaginal ultrasound and the bones were removed by hysteroscopy. despite meticulous evaluation duri...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the treatment outcome of tubo-ovarian abscesses managed by transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration. METHODS: Descriptive analysis of all patients with tubo-ovarian abscesses treated with a minimally invasive procedure, ultrasound-guided drainage, at the Department of Gynecology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/ Espinho, during a period of 5 years (from June 2009 to Ju...

PURPOSE We assessed the role of preoperative sonohysterography in the diagnosis of intrauterine synechiae. METHODS Nineteen patients with a suspected diagnosis of intrauterine adhesion underwent hysterosalpingography, transvaginal sonography, and sonohysterography performed in the consultation room. The patients were then treated by hysteroscopy under laparoscopic or ultrasound guidance. RE...

Background/Aims: Endometrial thickening is a nonspecific finding in women with premenopausal bleeding. Though it is expected in the luteal phase of ovulatory cycle or with anovulatory bleeding, it can be due to hyperplasia, polyps, leiomyomas, or endometrial carcinoma. Three-dimensional ultrasonography is an imaging technique that allows unique ways of assessing uterine and adnexeal pathology. ...

Adenocarcinoma of the colon represents the third most frequent cause of death from cancer, being surpassed only by lung and stomach cancer. Early screening and diagnosis of polyps are important for a good prognosis. Based on a clinical case, a novel approach is presented for screening of sigmoidal polyps and neoplasia using transvaginal 2D, 3D mode in women. This novel and simple technique can ...

The depth of myometrial infiltration by endometrial cancer is an important prognostic factor. The examination of the depth of infiltration classifies the patients in the low- and high-risk groups, which influences the therapeutic approach. Transvaginal ultrasonography represents a first-choice diagnostic test for the assessment of the depth of myometrial infiltration as the time consumption and...

3D volumetric ultrasound is shown to be of tremendous value particularly in gynaecology and associated clinical areas. The combination of modern 3D technology and high resolution transvaginal scanning provides increased anatomical and clinical detail. Furthermore it offers considerable benefits from a practical point of view. Nevertheless, its role in gynaecological ultrasound has yet to be ful...

BACKGROUND Increasing reports of intrauterine device (IUD)-related abdominopelvic actinomycosis have been described recently. Surgical therapy has been the usual treatment when tubo-ovarian abscess is identified. CASE A 38-year-old woman suffering from Actinomyces pelvic abscess unresponsive to medical treatment underwent transvaginal ultrasound-guided needle aspiration. It resulted in marked...