In this issue of GENETICS, a new method for detecting natural selection on polygenic traits is developed and applied to several human examples (Racimo et al. 2018). By definition, many loci contribute to variation in polygenic traits, and a challenge for evolutionary geneticists has been that these traits can evolve by small, nearly undetectable shifts in allele frequencies across each of many,...

We used a motorized treadmill to determine the endurance (from 4.2 to 5.6cm s") and burst speed of five Coluber constrictor Linnaeus performing concertina locomotion in tunnels 3, 5 and 7cm wide. The snakes had greatest average endurance at 4.2cms" within the 5cm wide tunnel (80min), and the average endurance of snakes moving in the 3 cm tunnel (24 min) was significantly lower than that observe...

Abstract In hard court tennis, players change direction by either stepping or sliding. The shoe–surface friction during these movements is crucial to player performance. Too little when may result in a slip. much attempting slide could cause the move only short distance, fail slide. To understand influence of tread design on experiments were performed individual shoe elements that replicated tr...

The prevalence and severity of latex allergy has increased dramatically in the last 15 years due to exposure to natural rubber products. Although historically this health risk has been elevated in hospital personnel and patients, a recent survey has indicated a significant potential risk for the general population. To obtain a wide-spread source for latex exposure, we have considered tire debri...

Abstract The numerical and computation aspects of the Knife-edge Equivalent Contact ( KEC ) constraint lookup table LUT methods are compared in this paper. method implementation uses a penetration-based elastic contact model for flange constraint-based formulation at wheel tread. For method, where an infinitely narrow rail contacts equivalent wheel, regularization tread-flange transition is ado...

The National Robotics Engineering Center has conceived a novel system that is able to reconfigure from track wheel while in motion. purpose of this device combine the benefits wheels and tracks provide performance optimization on variety terrain. first stage development resulted two benchtop prototypes: one test transition rotating hub tread another constantly-oriented shape circle triangle. Th...

Abstract Within this paper, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of uniformly loaded, single rubber block, is described and run using loading conditions replicative standard slip resistant footwear test. The FE considers hyperelastic viscoelastic material properties, obtained dynamic mechanical analysis. performance the was evaluated through analytical compression analysis experimental...