BACKGROUND Recent studies demonstrated that epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the regulation of trefoil factor family (TFF) peptide expression in cancer. In human tissues with endogenous TFF1, TFF2 or TFF3 gene expression, the corresponding promoter is unmethylated and in organs without TFF expression, the promoter of the three genes is highly methylated. METHODS Retinoblastoma (Rb) cell ...

PURPOSE Through cDNA array analyses and immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) was recently shown to be overexpressed in prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of using the levels of trefoil factors as a plasma marker for prostate cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In 79 patients with prostate cancer, 23 patients with benign prostatic hype...

Trefoil factor family (TFF) peptides, besides their prominent expression in mucous epithelia, are also synthesized in the central nervous system. Previously TFF1 expression was observed in mouse brain astrocytes, while oxytocinergic neurons of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis are recognized sites of TFF3 synthesis. Here, the expression of TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 was systematically studied using reve...

Human trefoil factor 3 (hTFF3) is a small-molecule peptide with potential medicinal value. Its main pharmacological function is to alleviate gastrointestinal mucosal injuries caused by various factors and promote the repair of damaged mucosa. However, how its transcription is regulated is not yet known. The aim of this study was to clone the hTFF3 gene promoter region, identify the core promote...

BACKGROUND In vertebrates, non-lens betagamma-crystallins are widely expressed in various tissues, but their functions are unknown. The molecular mechanisms of trefoil factors, initiators of mucosal healing and being greatly involved in tumorigenesis, have remained elusive. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A naturally existing 72-kDa complex of non-lens betagamma-crystallin (alpha-subunit) and trefoil fact...

This article presents a comparative study of Kiepert’s trefoil and its related curves, combining variety tools from differential algebraic geometry, integrable systems, elastica theory, special functions. While this curve was classically known well studied in the literature, some open problems were recently solved, goal paper is to present characterize general solution equation that governs tre...