The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between contraction-associated muscle kinematics as measured by velocity-encoded phase-contrast (VE-PC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and activity recorded via electromyography (EMG), and to construct a detailed three-dimensional (3-D) map of the contractile behavior of the triceps surae complex from the MRI data. Ten axial-plane VE-PC MRI ...

The soleus (S), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscles of the cat are interlinked by rapid spinal reflex pathways. In the decerebrate state, these heterogenic reflexes are either excitatory and length dependent or inhibitory and force dependent. Mechanographic analysis was used to obtain additional evidence that the muscle spindle primary ending and the Golgi tendon o...

To investigate anthropometric characteristics of Chinese professional female marathoners and suitable predicted variables correlated with their personal bests (PB), 96 Chinese female long-distance runners were divided into international (< 2 h 34 min), national (2 h 34 min~2 h 45 min) and average (2 h 45 min~3 h 19 min) levels according to their PB in marathon during the process of talent ident...

25 26 During human walking, muscle activation strategies are approximately constant across 27 consecutive steps over a short time, but it is unknown whether they are maintained over 28 a longer duration. Prolonged walking may increase tendinous tissue compliance, which 29 can influence neural activation, but the neural responses of individual muscles have not 30 been investigated. This study in...

This study examined whether home-based, high-speed calf-raise training changes the rate of torque development (RTD) during plantar flexion contractions and balance performance in elderly men. Thirty-four healthy elderly men (73 ± 5 yr) were randomly assigned to a training or control group (n = 17 in each group). The subjects in the training group completed 8 wk (3 times/wk) of home-based bilate...

Electrical stimulation (1-ms pulses, 100 Hz) produces more torque than expected from motor axon activation (extra contractions). This experiment investigates the most effective method of delivering this stimulation for neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Surface stimulation (1-ms pulses; 20 Hz for 2 s, 100 Hz for 2 s, 20 Hz for 3 s) was delivered to triceps surae and wrist flexors (muscle sti...

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE Spastic equinovarus deformity of the ankle in adults with acquired brain injury can severely limit the achievement of rehabilitation goals. This study examined changes in triceps surae muscle extensibility, passive resistive torque and soleus stretch reflex responses in 10 adult brain injured subjects undergoing serial casting to correct ankle equinovarus deformity. METHOD G...

This study examined the relationships between muscle fiber type, metabolism, and blood flow vs. the increase in skeletal muscle (1)H-NMR transverse relaxation time (T2) after stimulation. Triceps surae muscles of anesthetized rats were stimulated in situ at 1-10 Hz for 6 min, and T2 was calculated from (1)H-NMR images acquired at 4.7 T immediately after stimulation. At low-to-intermediate frequ...

Differences in the adaptation processes between muscle and tendon response to mechanical loading can lead non-uniform properties within muscle–tendon unit (MTU), potentially increasing injury risk. The current study analysed of triceps surae (TS) MTU 10 young (YS; 22 ± 3 yrs) older (OS; age 65 8 yrs; i.e. master) (inter)national level sprinters 11 recreationally active adults (YC; 23 detect pos...