Interfacing with human neural cells during natural tasks provides the means for investigating working principles of central nervous system and developing human-machine interaction technologies. Here we present a computationally efficient non-invasive, real-time interface based on decoding activity spinal motoneurons from wearable high-density electromyogram (EMG) sensors. We validate this by co...

Hypocretin-1 and -2 (Hcrt-1 and -2, also called orexin-A and -B) are newly identified neuropeptides synthesized by hypothalamic neurons. Defects in the Hcrt system underlie the sleep disorder narcolepsy, which is characterized by sleep fragmentation and the involuntary loss of muscle tone called cataplexy. Hcrt neurons project to multiple brain regions including cranial and spinal motor nuclei....

Microelectrode recordings were taken from neurons of the mesencephalic nucleus of the fifth nerve (mes. V) and from the fifth motor nucleus of decerebrate dogfish ( Scyliorhnusand ) in response: to electrical stimulation of the peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve; to electri­ cal excitation of the mes. V tract and in response to mechanical stimulation of the lower jaw. Responses were re...

Our previous studies have shown that median and ulnar nerve lesion induced calbindin (CB) immunoreactivity in some injured motoneurons in developing rats. Motoneuron death induced by sciatic nerve transection in neonatal rats has been related to induction of neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). The present study investigated whether expression of CB and nicotinomid adenin dinucleot...

background and objective: sciatic nerve transection is characterized by a rapid wave of motoneuron death associated with progressive synaptic lesions. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term synaptic changes. materials and methods: this basic study was carried out on paraffin- or resin-embedded tissue blocks for evaluation of synaptophysin and choline acetyl transaferase (chat) ...