Hadal trenches are a unique habitat with high hydrostatic pressure, low temperature and scarce food supplies. Amphipods the dominant scavenging metazoan species in this ecosystem. Trimethylamine (TMA) trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) have been shown to play important roles regulating osmotic pressure mammals, hadal dwellers even microbes. However, distributions of TMAO TMA concentrations animals amo...

The method for simulating the second moment of the NMR absorption spectrum as a function of temperature is presented. The second moment is first calculated as a function of the number of jumps of rotating molecules or their parts (like methyl groups). This number of jumps is rescaled into the frequency of internal rotation and these frequencies are recalculated into equivalent temperatures. The...

The possible role of urea and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) in providing positive buoyancy has been examined for elasmobranch fishes. TMAO has a considerably lower density than an equimolar solution of urea, and solutions of both TMAO and urea are considerably less dense than equimolar solutions of most other body fluid solutes. The body fluid composition of three elasmobranchs, the whiskery shar...

1. Erythrocyte choline transport was studied in 10 haemodialysis patients immediately before and after a haemodialysis session and in 10 control subjects. Choline uptake was measured in erythrocytes from normal and uraemic patients after washing in vitro and subsequent incubation in autologous plasma. Amines present in uraemic plasma were examined for their effect on choline transport in normal...

In addition to the canonical olfactory receptors, TAARs were currently suggested to be a second class of chemosensory receptors in the olfactory epithelium of vertebrates. In contrast to several deorphanized murine TAARs, agonists for the intact human TAAR genes 2, 5, 6, 8 and 9 that are potentially expressed in the human olfactory epithelium have not been determined so far. Moreover, the physi...

The decreased capacity of the flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) to oxygenate xenobiotics including trimethylamine is believed to contribute to metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to functionally characterize FMO3 variants recently found in a Japanese population and compare them with selective functional activity of other FMO3 variants. Recombinant Glu158Lys and Glu158Lys-Glu30...

Trajectory surface-hopping simulations reveal the excited-state mechanism of trimethylamine, resonantly pumped to Rydberg 3p manifold. Key mechanistic aspects are internal conversion and vibrational dynamics occurring on sub-ps ps timescales.