la motivation est un processus complexe et interne, on peut la susciter et l’encourager. pour rendre la classe plus active, il y a différentes approches et méthodes didactiques. mais la perspective actionnelle (l’approche par la tâche) est une nouvelle approche didactique, qui offre un nouveau sens à l’interaction entre les apprenants dans le cadre de l’apprentissage et au sujet de la réalisati...

dans le monde actuel de la littérature, la traduction est vue comme un des éléments essentiels qui ne se démente pas ; et cela à juste titre, car c’est grâce à la traduction qu’une œuvre littéraire passe d’une langue à l’autre. mais ce passage est loin d’être une simple transplantation : pour conserver toutes les dimensions d’une œuvre- langagière, culturelle et ….- la traduction a beaucoup à f...

We present a proof of a Minami type estimate for one dimensional random Schrödinger operators valid at all energies in the localization regime provided a Wegner estimate is known to hold. The Minami type estimate is then applied to two models to obtain results on their spectral statistics. The heuristics underlying our proof of Minami type estimates is that close by eigenvalues of a one-dimensi...

The need for efficient content-based image retrieval has increased hugely. Two methods are recognized for describing the content of images: using global features and using local features. In this paper, we propose two methods for image retrieving based on visual similarity. The first one characterizes images by global features, when the second is based on local features. In the global descripto...

We show that the so-called low-regret (or least-regret) control by J. L. Lions [8] fits on the control of ill-posed problems. At each time, we give the characterization of the so-called no-regret control by means of singular optimality systems. For the backward heat ill-posed problem, no Slater hypothesis is assumed on the admissible set of controls Uad. This work is two pieces, and two methods...

We present a proof system for a simple data-parallel kernel language called L. This proof system is based on a two-component assertion language. We deene a weakest preconditions calculus and analyse its deenability properties. This calculus is used to prove the completeness of the proof system. We also present a two-phase proof methodology, yielding proofs similar to those for scalar languages....

Remerciements Durant ces 3 années de Doctorat j'aurai beaucoup appris. Bien sûr, cela m'a per-mis d'aller beaucoup plus loin en physique. Cette thèse aura aussi été une leçon de vie, ces trois ans qui m'ont été donnés pour réaliser un projet de recherche ont été plus qu'instructifs. Tant sur le point de vue humain que professionnel, ce projet m'a donné l'occasion d'interagir avec beaucoup de mo...

This Note presents original rates of convergence for the deconvolution problem. We assume that both the estimated density and noise density are supersmooth and we compute the risk for two kinds of estimators. Résumé Vitesses de convergence en déconvolution nonparamétrique. Cette Note présente des vitesses de convergence originales pour le problème de déconvolution. On suppose que la densité est...

In Reply:—We thank Dr. Mulroy for his comments on voiding requirement in outpatients receiving neuraxial blockade with shortacting local anesthetic. We would like to take the opportunity to clarify some issues raised by Dr. Mulroy. In our review, we identified several risk factors for postoperative urinary retention (POUR), such as type and duration of surgery, patient comorbidities, intraopera...

In Reply:—We thank Dr. Mulroy for his comments on voiding requirement in outpatients receiving neuraxial blockade with shortacting local anesthetic. We would like to take the opportunity to clarify some issues raised by Dr. Mulroy. In our review, we identified several risk factors for postoperative urinary retention (POUR), such as type and duration of surgery, patient comorbidities, intraopera...