Marine diatoms are known to be responsible for about a quarter of global primary production and their photosynthesis is sustained by inorganic carbon-concentrating mechanisms and/or C(4) metabolism. Activities of the inorganic carbon-concentrating mechanism are attenuated under enriched [CO(2)]; however, impacts of this factor on primary productivity and the molecular mechanisms of CO(2) respon...

The current study aims to detect the presence of some virulence genes Escherichia (E.) coli in fish. 46 strains E. were previously isolated from 153 fish samples, including 28 and 18 isolates local markets farms, respectively, Nineveh Governorate November 2021 January 2022. results show that all possessed uidA gene with a molecular weight 623 bp. In addition, they 88.9% (16/18) farmed samples S...

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of main health problems caused by many microorganisms, including uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The virulence factors important in colonization UPEC, extra-intestinal survival, and creation cytopathic effects. In addition, the expression special UPEC can contribute to uropathogenicity, as well worsening UTIs. this study, 134 isolates E. were colle...

The gene uidA, codes for β-glucuronidase, which is one of the reporters more frequently utilized in transgenic plants. However, this can only be use if the selected organism does not present endogenous GUS-like activity. In tissues of C. chinense we found a GUS-like activity showing different levels of intensity. Histochemical screening showed that endogenous GUSlike activity decreased, or redu...

Erwinia chrysanthemi synthesizes and secretes pectate lyases that attack components of the plant cell wall and, therefore, play a major role in the pathogenesis of soft rot disease. We isolated a new mutant (designated pec-1), by Tn5 mutagenesis, that displays weak pectate lyase production and decreased motility and mucoidicity. Maceration and pathogenicity tests done on different plant organs ...

Promoter sequences of the cytomegalovirus (PCMV), the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat (PRSV-LTR) and the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (PCaMV35s) were ligated with the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene, uidA, and were introduced into cells of the marine diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Transformants were selected on a 100 mg l(-1) Zeocin plate, and Zeocin-resistant clones were further sele...

Erwinia chrysanthemi synthesizes and secretes pectate lyases that attack components of the plant cell wall and, therefore, play a major role in the pathogenesis of soft rot disease. We isolated a new mutant (designated pec-1), by Tn5 mutagenesis, that displays weak pectate lyase production and decreased motility and mucoidicity. Maceration and pathogenicity tests done on different plant organs ...

Three commercially available kits that were supplemented with substrates for enzyme reactions were evaluated to determine their abilities to detect coliforms and fecal coliforms in foods. Japanese and U.S. Food and Drug Administration standard methods, as well as two agar plate methods, were compared with the three commercial kits. A total of 50 food samples from various retailers were examined...

The phytotoxins syringopeptin and syringomycin are synthesized by nonribosomal peptide synthetases which are encoded by the syringomycin (syr) and syringopeptin (syp) genomic island of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. Previous studies demonstrated that expression of the syr-syp genes was controlled by the salA-syrF regulatory pathway, which in turn was induced by plant signal molecules. In th...