An analytic description for the yield, P(p), of high-energy electrons ionized from an atom by a short (few-cycle) laser pulse is obtained quantum mechanically. Factorization of P(p) in terms of an electron wave packet and the cross section for elastic electron scattering (EES) is shown to occur only for an ultrashort pulse, while in general P(p) involves interference of EES amplitudes with lase...

Laser-produced surface nanostructures show considerable promise for many applications while fundamental questions concerning the corresponding mechanisms of structuring are still debated. Here, we present a simple physical model describing those mechanisms happened in a thin metal film on dielectric substrate irradiated by a tightly focused ultrashort laser pulse. The main ingredients included ...

In calculations of ultrafast laser-induced ionization the treatment of fundamental mechanisms such as photoionization and the Kerr effect are treated in isolation using monochromatic perturbative approaches. Such approaches are often questionable for pulses of ultrashort duration and multi-chromatic spectra. In this work we address this issue by solving the quantum optical Bloch equations in a ...

Ultrafast dynamical processes in solids may be triggered, studied and even manipulated with help of ultrashort laser pulses. Also for materials processing there is an enormous potential of ultrashort laser pulses. Thus, femtosecond laser–solid interaction is of significant interest to the fields of both basic research and industrial applications. Here, I present results of theoretical considera...

The major objectives of this proposal are twofold. The first objective is to perform both an experimental and theoretical study of the factors affecting the propagation distance behavior of ultrashort (femtosecond) laser pulses in water. This study will be conducted in the so-called linear regime which involves laser intensities that are below the threshold where nonlinear effects set in. A fun...

Analytic expressions for the electromagnetic fields of an ultrashort, tightly focused, linearly polarized laser pulse in vacuum are derived from scalar and vector potentials, using a small parameter which assumes a small bandwidth of the laser pulse. The derived fields are compared with those of the Lax series expansion and the complex-source-point approaches and are shown to be well-behaved an...

Self-similar propagation of ultrashort, parabolic pulses in a laser resonator is observed theoretically and experimentally. This constitutes a new type of pulse shaping in mode-locked lasers: in contrast to the well-known static (solitonlike) and breathing (dispersion-managed soliton) pulse evolutions, asymptotic solutions to the nonlinear wave equation that governs pulse propagation in most of...

We demonstrate beyond 10W simultaneous temporal and spatial pulse-shaping on a picosecond fiber laser system. Our proposed technique can substantially enhance the capability and efficiency of the existing ultrashort fiber laser systems for high precision material processing. OCIS codes: (140.0140) Lasers and laser optics; (140.3070) Infrared and far-infrared lasers; (140.3300) Laser beam shapin...

A novel ultrashort-pulse laser cavity configuration that incorporates an intracavity deformable mirror as a phase control element is reported. A user-defined spectral phase relation of 0.7 radians relative shift could be produced at around 1035 nm. Phase shaping as well as pulse duration optimization was achieved via a computer-controlled feedback loop.

* [email protected] Abstract The generation of an ultrashort relativistic electron bunch from a strong laser-plasma interaction have been studied by particle-in-cell simulations and observed experimentally. The electron beam was generated from the plasma created by focusing a Ti: sapphire 50fs 12 TW laser pulse at the edge of helium gas jet expanded into the vacuum from a pulsed supers...