The ultrasound-assisted (UA) soybean oil methanolysis using KOH as a catalyst was studied at different reaction conditions in a microreactor. Box–Behnken experimental design, with three variables, was performed and the effects of three reaction variables i.e. reaction temperature, catalyst concentration and the methanol-to-oil molar ratio on fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield were evaluated b...

Various novel techniques including ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction and supercritical fluid extraction have been developed for the extraction of medicinal plants in order to shorten the extraction time, decrease the solvent consumption, increase the extraction yield, and enhance the quality of extracts. This review was conducted to introduce and compare the conventi...

Vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop (VASEME-SFO) was used for preconcentration and speciation of antimony (ΙΙΙ, V) followed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). In this procedure, Triton X-114 was used as emulsifier and 1-undecanol was used as extraction solvent. This method is based on the comp...

Abstract The present work is part of a comprehensive study aiming to identify and quantify an array harmful contaminants at very low concentrations in recycled paperboard materials intended for food contact applications. In this initial study, three commonly used extraction techniques were optimized tested their efficacy accuracy isolating 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from commerc...

Nowadays concern exists about the safety for both football players and environment of recycled tire rubber used as infill in synthetic turf pitches. In this study 40 target compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), plasticizers, antioxidants vulcanization agents were determined 50 pitches diverse characteristics to estimate environmental risks. This is first crumb sport faci...

We report the application of the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to hollow-fibre membrane-assisted liquid-phase microextraction and its application for extraction of atrazine and triclosan. Under optimum conditions, namely, 25 μL of a 1 : 4 chlorobenzene : ethyl acetate mixture dispersed in 1 mL of aqueous sample, 10% (m/v) NaCl, a magnetic stirrer speed at 600 rpm, and 10 minu...