This study investigated the effects of lubricin on the gliding of repaired flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendons in vitro. Canine FDP tendons were completely lacerated, repaired with a modified Pennington technique, and treated with one of the following solutions: saline, carbodiimide derivatized gelatin/hyaluronic acid (cd-HA-gelatin), carbodiimide derivatized gelatin to which lubricin was ...

BACKGROUND Awareness of the anatomy and variations of the extensor tendons on the dorsum of the hand is necessary when assessing the traumatized or diseased hand and when considering tendons for repair or transfer. A complete quantitative documentation of the extensor tendons is lacking. METHOD The arrangements of extensor tendons to the medical four fingers namely, the extensor digitorum com...

Tendons transfer force from muscle to bone. Specific tendons, including the equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), also store and return energy. For efficient function, energy-storing tendons need to be more extensible than positional tendons such as the common digital extensor tendon (CDET), and when tested in vitro have a lower modulus and failure stress, but a higher failure strain...

The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of unbounded nondeterminism into CSP-like languages with specification, which increases the expressive power of the specification language. This is achieved by extending the finite message set of such mixed languages to an infinite one. A denotational semantics and a refinement order are defined for such a language and the CSP constructors...

Kropholler and Mislin conjectured that groups acting admissibly on a finite-dimensional G-CW-complex with finite stabilisers admit a finitedimensional model for EFG, the classifying space for proper actions. This conjecture is known to hold for groups with bounded torsion. In this note we consider a large class of groups U containing the above and many known examples with unbounded torsion. We ...

BACKGROUND A recent study published in The American Journal of Sports Medicine showed that asymptomatic soccer players with an increased risk of developing Achilles and patellar tendon injuries within the next 12 months can be identified with use of ultrasonography. HYPOTHESIS Prophylactic eccentric training and stretching can reduce both the frequency of asymptomatic ultrasonographic changes...

The material properties of a tendon affect its ability to store and return elastic energy, resist damage, provide mechanical feedback and amplify or attenuate muscle power. While the structural properties of a tendon are known to respond to a variety of stimuli, the extent to which material properties vary among individual muscles remains unclear. We studied the tendons of six different muscles...

Introduction The ankle is characterised by long tendons with strong muscles. Tendon failure occurs due to overuse of the tendons as a result of repetitive contraction of the muscles. It also occurs because these tendons often pivot around a bony fulcrum or beneath a retinaculum, creating points of friction. The third area where ankle tendons fail is where they join to bone, either directly into...