Temperature-jump studies have been used to detect a rapid reaction in the thermal unfolding of ribonuclease A (RNase A). The fast reaction occurs over a wide range of pH, and the results of a detailed study at pH 1.3 are reported here. Although its amplitude is small, the reaction is easily measurable over the entire temperature range of thermal unfolding. It occurs in the millisecond time rang...

Abstract. This paper studies common unfoldings of various classes of polycubes, as well as a new type of unfolding of polyominoes. Previously, Knuth and Miller found a common unfolding of all tree-like tetracubes. By contrast, we show here that all 23 tree-like pentacubes have no such common unfolding, although 22 of them have a common unfolding. On the positive side, we show that there is an u...

We propose two new unfolding semantics for general Petri nets based on the concept of prime event structures. The definitions of the two unfolding models are motivated by algorithmic aspects. We develop a construction algorithm for both unfolding models. The unfolding models employ the idea of token flows developed in [JLD05] and are much smaller than the standard unfolding model. We show that ...

The pseudoknot is an important RNA structural element that provides an excellent model system for studying the contributions of tertiary interactions to RNA stability and to folding kinetics. RNA pseudoknots are also of interest because of their key role in the control of ribosomal frameshifting by viral RNAs. Their mechanical properties are directly relevant to their unfolding by ribosomes dur...

Deforestation is a transformation of functional programs to remove intermediate data structures. It is based on outermost unfolding of function calls where folding occurs when unfolding takes place within the same nested function call. Since unrestricted unfolding may encounter arbitrarily many terms, a termination analysis has to determine those subterms where unfolding is possibly dangerous. ...

Kinetic and equilibrium studies of the folding and unfolding of the SH3 domain of the PI3 kinase, have been used to identify a folding intermediate that forms after the rate-limiting step on the folding pathway. Folding and unfolding, in urea as well as in guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl), were studied by monitoring changes in the intrinsic fluorescence or in the far-UV circular dichroism (CD) ...