AIM Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is one of the genes induced by interferon (IFN)-gamma which plays an important role in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to examine if RIG-I is involved in atherosclerosis. METHODS The expression of RIG-I in atherosclerotic lesions in human aorta was examined by immunohistochemical analysis. The expression of RIG-I in THP-1 monocytic cell lin...

Viruses can escape from host recognition by degradation of RIG-I or interference with the RIG-I signalling to establish persistent infections. However, the mechanisms by which host cells stabilize RIG-I protein for avoiding its degradation are largely unknown. We report here that, upon virus infection, the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 translocates from the nucleus into the cytoplasm and stabilizes...

Cell surface Ig superfamily proteins (IgSF) have been implicated in several aspects of neuron development and function. Here, we describe the function of a Caenorhabditis elegans IgSF protein, RIG-3. Mutants lacking RIG-3 have an exaggerated paralytic response to a cholinesterase inhibitor, aldicarb. Although RIG-3 is expressed in motor neurons, heightened drug responsiveness was caused by an a...

RIG-I is a key cytosolic sensor that detects RNA viruses through its C-terminal region and activates the production of antiviral interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. While posttranslational modification has been demonstrated to regulate RIG-I signaling activity, its significance for the sensing of viral RNAs remains unclear. Here, we first show that the RIG-I C-terminal region unde...

Retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a viral RNA sensor crucial in defense against several viruses including measles, influenza A and hepatitis C. RIG-I activates type-I interferon signalling through the adaptor for mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS). The E3 ubiquitin ligase, tripartite motif containing protein 25 (TRIM25), activates human RIG-I through generation of anchored K63-lin...

In order to increase the efficiency of the conveyance of the granular solids, a new experimental set-up is designed. The test rig has longitudinal trapezoidal slots in its conveying pipes. Through experimentation, a correlation for friction factor in terms of solid mass flow rate, fluid flow rate and Froude number is presented. It is shown that the mixture friction factor for pipes with inn...

RIG-I is an essential receptor in the initiation of the type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathway upon viral infection. Although K63-linked ubiquitination plays an important role in RIG-I activation, the optimal modulation of conjugated and unanchored ubiquitination of RIG-I as well as its functional implications remains unclear. In this study, we determined that, in contrast to the RIG-I CARD ...

The ATPase retinoid acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I senses viral RNA in the cytoplasm of infected cells and subsequently activates cellular antiviral defense mechanisms. RIG-I recognizes molecular structures that discriminate viral from host RNA. Here, we show that RIG-I ligands require base-paired structures in conjunction with a free 5'-triphosphate to trigger antiviral signaling. Hitherto unavai...

Cytoplasmic caspase recruiting domain (CARD)-containing molecules often function in the induction of potent antimicrobial responses in order to protect mammalian cells from invading pathogens. Retinoic acid-induced gene-I (RIG-I) and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) serve as key factors in the detection of viral and bacterial pathogens, and in the subsequent initiation of inna...

Retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is a member of the DExH box family of proteins. RIG-I acts as a sensor of viral infections through the recognition of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Recently, it was demonstrated that polyinosinic acid:polycytidylic acid [poly(I):poly(C)], a synthetic dsRNA analogue, induced the expression of RIG-I in various cell types, such as vascular endothelial ce...