The paper evaluated the potential of groundwater pollution in the Densu River Basin of Ghana. Groundwater is an important resource in this basin currently supporting domestic, agricultural and industrial activities. The significance of water resources and the potential for groundwater quality to deteriorate due various anthropogenic activities within the Densu River Basin has necessitated this ...

Rural China has experienced rapid urbanization and industrialization, accompanied with rural–urban migration since 1978. This tremendous transition has caused a series of negative consequences, necessitating a spatial-territorial reorganization of rural settlements. Previous studies on the restructuring of rural settlements are insufficient for inter-settlement connection consideration and prac...

ion, and the like. The science of climate change and its impacts is very uncertain, though this does not distinguish it from the science of water and sanitation. A more obvious distinction is that whereas progress on water and sanitation is often inhibited by a tendency to turn to outdated models of improvement, progress on adaptation to climate change is inhibited by the lack of models to turn...

Kabul, the capital and largest city in Afghanistan has been experiencing a massive population expansion and fast economic development in last decade, in which urban land has increasingly expanded and formed a high informal development territory in the city. This paper investigates the urban land development direction based on the integrated urbanization trends in Kabul city since the last and t...

Urban structures encompass settlements, characterized by the spatial distribution of builtup areas, but also transportation structures, to connect these built-up areas. These two structures are very different in their origin and function, fulfilling complementary needs: (i) to access space, and (ii) to occupy space. Their evolution cannot be understood by looking at the dynamics of urban aggreg...

As a field, urban simulation has had an interesting history in recent decades. There was a span of time in the late-1960s and the 1970s when there was a comparative surge in the use of simulation in planning and policy-making. That period was followed by a long ‘winter’, in which planners and policy-makers turned away from urban simulation as a planning support tool. Nevertheless, there has bee...

mashhad, as the second metropolis of iran with a population of 2.5 million, now hosts 820,000 people who are unauthorized residenrts of 60 informal settlements spread over 3200 hectares. kuye nohdarreh is one of such settlements with a population of 27,000 people, in an area of 80 hectares, located in the 9th district of mashhad municipality and selected as case study in this research. this art...

The paper presents a theoretical model that seeks to answer the question of why former squatter settlements tend to upgrade/redevelop at a slower pace than otherwise similar settlements originating in the formal sector. We argue that squatter settlers’ initial strategy to access urban land creates a ‘legacy effect’ that curtails settlement upgrading possibilities even after the settlements are ...