We describe the flattening of scientific CCD imaging data using a dome flat field system. The system uses light emitting diodes (LEDs) to illuminate a carefully constructed dome flat field screen. LEDs have several advantages over more traditional illumination sources: they are available in a wide range of output wavelengths, are inexpensive, have a very long source lifetime, and are straightfo...

This paper describes the synthesis of digitally excited pencil/flat top dual beams simultaneously in a linear antenna array constructed of isotropic elements. The objective is to generate a pencil/flat top beam pair using the excitations generated by the evolutionary algorithms. Both the beams share common variable discrete amplitude excitations and differ in variable discrete phase excitations...

A rectangular rod is placed in a flow field flowing parallel to a flat plate. Effect of chord-thickness ratio of rectangular rod on developing vortex shedding downstream to the rod is studied. Then, for each one of the aspect ratios, the distance of the rod from the neighboring flat plate is reduced until the rod sticks to the flat plate. In each case, the effect of the flat plate boundary laye...

background : computer users are exposed to work related neck disorders due to repetitive movement and static posture for prolonged period. viewing document and typing simultaneously are one of the contributing factors for neck disorders. methods : this preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the document holder on the postural neck muscles activity among computer users. nine ...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of flat foot in a population of 7-12 year old students and to investigate the relationship between flat foot and age and sex. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 945 students (460 girls and 485 boys) were examined. The presence of flatfoot and the degree of its severity according to Tachdjian's system of grading...

In the present study, the effective parameters of water-Al2O3 nanofluid flowing in flat tubes are investigated using the EFAST Sensitivity Analysis (SA) method. The SA is performed using GMDH type artificial neural networks (ANN) which are based on validated numerical data of two phase modeling of nanofluid flow in flat tubes. There are five design variables namely: tube flattening (H), flow ra...

A rectangular rod is placed in a flow field flowing parallel to a flat plate. Effect of chord-thickness ratio of rectangular rod on developing vortex shedding downstream to the rod is studied. Then, for each one of the aspect ratios, the distance of the rod from the neighboring flat plate is reduced until the rod sticks to the flat plate. In each case, the effect of the flat plate boundary laye...

In this work we have tried to solve several problems that involve scalar and vectorial image information lying on the plane or on 3D surfaces. We will present and discuss four novel algorithms devised to solve those problems: tracking of objects in movies, tracking of regions on deforming 3D surfaces, restoration of damaged pictures, removal of objects from images, and solving of PDE’s on impli...

dually flat finsler metrics form a special and valuable class of finsler metrics in finsler information geometry,which play a very important role in studying flat finsler information structure. in this paper, we prove that everylocally dually flat generalized randers metric with isotropic s-curvature is locally minkowskian.