This study aimed to analyze the antiproliferative and genotoxic potential of synthetic food flavorings, nature identical passion fruit and artificial vanilla. This assessment used root meristem cells of Allium cepa L., in exposure times of 24 and 48 hours and using doses of 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6 mL. Roots were fixed in Carnoy's solution, hydrolyzed in hydrochloric acid, stained with acetic orcein an...

To evaluate breastfed infants' responses to scented objects, we videotaped the facial and bodily reactions of sixty-three infants as they explored, in succession, three toys that were identical in appearance but different in their characteristic odor. Two of the toys were scented with odorants previously shown to be transmitted to human milk, one with ethanol and the other with vanilla, whereas...

The olfactory learning capability of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus was studied. Crickets were deprived of drinking water for 4 days and were individually trained to associate peppermint with water and vanilla with NaCl solution. Their odour preference was tested before and after training by allowing them to choose between peppermint or vanilla sources. The time spent visiting each source serv...

OBJECTIVES To design and validate a scale to evaluate preferences of type 2 diabetic patients towards nutritional supplements (Madrid scale) and to discover those taste attributes that are more discriminating. CONTEXT ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS 18 controls and 106 type 2 diabetic patients received 2 of the 7 stimuli studied (6 nutritional supple...

In the last thirty years, there has been a dramatic growth in the trading of options, which are contracts between two parties giving one party the right but not the obligation to partake in a financial transaction with the other party at or before a specified date in the future. The majority of options involve the right to buy or sell an underlying asset at a prescribed price, known as the stri...

We study optimal hedging of barrier options using a combination of a static position in vanilla options and dynamic trading of the underlying asset. The problem reduces to computing the Fenchel-Legendre transform of the utility-indifference price as a function of the number of vanilla options used to hedge. Using the well-known duality between exponential utility and relative entropy, we provid...

Copyright: 2014 The PLOS ONE Staff. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Figure 3. Topics learnxled by Red-LDA (top) and Vanilla LDA (bottom) on the EHR corpus. Both topics are about breast cancer (...

We consider the calibration of a Lévy process with American vanilla options. The price of an American vanilla option as a function of the maturity and the strike satisfies a forward in time linear complementarity problem involving a partial integro-differential operator. It leads to a variational inequality in a suitable weighted Sobolev space. Calibrating the Lévy process amounts to solving an...