The microbial ecology of traditional postharvesting processing of vanilla beans (curing) was examined using a polyphasic approach consisting of conventional cultivation, substrate utilization-based and molecular identification of isolates, and cultivation-independent community profiling by 16S ribosomal DNA based PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. At two different locations, a batch o...

This paper describes a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method for the determination of vanillin, associated natural aromatic compounds and/or synthetic precursors, ethyl vanillin, and coumarin, a commonly encountered adulterant in nonbeverage and beverage alcohol products using a ternary gradient mobile phase. The compounds were separated on a Nova-Pak C18 column by using water, methanol,...

Simulation of dynamic phosphor space charge in alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices is performed using SPICE equivalent circuit models. Two SPICE equivalent circuits are developed; one for the case of space charge creation via impact ionization and another for field emission. Both SPICE equivalent circuits are based on modeling the space charge distribution as a sin...

Almost a decade ago, the Kerner Commission warned that this country was moving toward two societies-one white and one black. Data on residential segregation indicate clear-cut boundaries for these two societies-large cities are becoming black but most suburban areas remain white. Detroit is a case in point and this led the 1976 Detroit Area Study to investigate the sources of racial residential...

A barrier option is an otherwise vanilla call or put option with a strike of X but with an extra parameter B, the barrier: the option only comes into existence (is knocked in) or is terminated (is knocked out) if the spot price crosses the barrier during the life of the option. Because there is a positive probability (in either case) of worthlessness, these options are cheaper than the correspo...

“K2-spice” is a term representing a new group of designer drugs that contain synthetic cannabinoids, which are incorporated into herbal products. These synthetic cannabinoids bind the same receptors as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in marijuana, but with greater affinity. Unfortunately, people that intentionally abuse K2-spice experience clinical signs that are more adverse ...

In this paper, we reconsider the problem of specialising the vanilla meta interpreter through fully automatic and completely general partial deduction techniques. In particular, we study how the homeo-morphic embedding relation guides specialisation of the interpreter. We focus on the so-called parsing problem, i.e. removing all parsing overhead from the program, and demonstrate that further re...