Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem autoimmune disease in which there is increased fibroblast activity resulting in abnormal growth of connective tissue. This causes vascular damage and fibrosis. Fibrosis occurs in skin, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, heart, lungs and other internal organs. Vascular manifestations include secondary Raynaud's phenomenon, ischaemia of extremities, pulmona...

Preliminary data show that the incidence of eye damage in COVID-19 reaches 32%, with a diverse range clinical manifestations. Both anterior segment (conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis) and posterior (retinal vascular thrombosis, neuritis, neuroretinitis) can be affected. The infection children is diagnosed much less frequently than adults, so ophthalmic manifestations have hardly ever been st...

Systemic vasculitis is a heterogeneous group of diseases of various aetiologies and manifestations. In general, the clinical results derive from ischemia caused by vascular inflammation, which depends on the organ affected. Such vasculitis cases are classified according to the classification of the Chapel Hill conference. They can present with relative frequency as ENT manifestations in both th...

Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis presents a diagnostic challenge even in this day and age due to a variety of manifestations which can be difficult to spot in the early stages where the disease can be treated effectively. This report focuses on the neural and cutaneous manifestations of the disease in a single patient. It stresses the need to suspect endocarditis in young children who present wi...

Descriptions of the numerous manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection affecting almost every organ system have abounded in recent publications. Multiple radiological, clinical and postmortem reports have recorded the cerebral, pulmonary, cardiac, renal, rheumatological and gastrointestinal pathologies in HIV-infected individuals, ranging from the bizarre to the mundane. La...

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, commonly known as a major causative agent of primary atypical pneumonia, also causes various kinds of extrapulmonary manifestations involving almost all the organs of the human body. The author has classified the extrapulmonary manifestations due to M. pneumoniae infection into three categories: the first is a direct type in which locally induced cytokines play a role, th...

OBJECTIVES Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem worldwide. Most diabetic patients will develop functional disabilities due to multiple factors, including musculoskeletal (MSK) manifestations. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of MSK in diabetic patients and to examine the possible predictors for its development. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study...

Porto-sinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) is a rare hepatic disorder that can cause portal hypertension. Its diagnosis be challenging, as its clinical manifestations overlap with those of liver cirrhosis. However, radiological imaging provide valuable clues to differentiate PSVD from This review aims identify findings suggest in cross-sectional and ultrasound elastography, enabling the suggestio...

The syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia ( U CTD) is a genetically determined condition, the detailed clinical picture which formed during first five years life. development vegetative-vascular dystonia in UCTD associated with changed collagen structure, leads to appearance numerous manifestations that affect psycho-emotional status child, especially if leading anxiety. purp...