The objective of this paper is to show a study on the influence vegetation outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) high-altitude tropical megacity. OTC evaluated by PET (Physiological Equivalent Temperature) index and establishing three simulation scenarios: (i) Current OTC, (ii) under RCPs 4.5 8.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway), (iii) ENSO (El Niño–Southern Oscillation). results that hourly vari...

An experimental study was conducted in Tillamook, Oregon, USA, to quantify the effectiveness of edge-of-field vegetated buffers for reducing transport of fecal coliform bacteria (FCB) from agricultural fields amended with dairy cow manure. Installation of vegetated buffers on loamy soils dramatically reduced the bacterial contamination of runoff water from manure-treated pasturelands, but the s...

Estuarine and nearshore marine areas are vital habitats for several fish and benthic invertebrates. The shore crab Carcinus maenas (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae) inhabits a variety of coastal, estuarine and lagoon habitats. At low tide, habitat structural complexity may be most important for crabs in the intertidal, providing refuge from predation and desiccation. The quality of different v...

Previous studies have shown that the negative effects of density of Ae. albopictus on Ae. aegypti exceed those of Ae. aegypti on Ae. albopictus for population growth, adult size, survivorship, and developmental rate. This competitive superiority has been invoked to explain the displacement of Ae. aegypti by Ae. albopictus in the southeastern USA. In Brazil, these species coexist in many vegetat...

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (INSAR) has been used to map terrain topography; however, accuracy is limited because observations are not measurements of true surface topography over vegetated areas. Instead, the measurements, which depend on the sensor and the vegetation, represent some height above the true surface. We solve an inverse problem for INSAR scattering to determine surfa...

Our assessment of the pocket sensor (PS) doesn’t deviate much from what was reported by Mariana. There appears to be three concerns with the PSs that we have noticed through using them throughout the winter wheat growing season. First, it does not deliver a 1:1 relationship with the original Greenseeker (GS). Second, there is not a great deal of PS to PS reliability. Lastly, we recently noticed...

The recently proposed polarimetric two-scale twocomponent model (PTSTCM) in principle allows us obtaining a reasonable estimation of the soil moisture even in moderately vegetated areas, where the volumetric scattering contribution is non-negligible, provided that the surface component is dominant and the double-bounce component is negligible. Here we test the PTSTCM validity range by applying ...

A new microwave backscattering model for vegetated areas was developed. It enables the separation of the soil and vegetation contributions to the backscattering coefficient, which is crucial to obtain reliable simulation results for different imaging geometries. It is shown, that the vegetation influence on the signal can be directly derived from ENVISAT ASAR alternating polarization data. It i...

In this work a dynamic model of water uptake from plants growing in naturally vegetated areas subjected to a rainfall and evaporation time series is described. The model results are compared and contrasted with popular pre-existing models. Also, the effects of the uptake pattern on the movement of water across multiple soil layers are also analyzed. The results showed that contrary to common mo...

Vegetative buffer strips are vegetated areas (usually strips) between fields and waterbodies that can mitigate the effects of agricultural activities by acting as a physical barrier to sediment and nutrients being carried to streams, and thereby have been widely used as a best management practice (BMP). Buffers can slow surface water flow and allow greater water infiltration, trapping the sedim...