Background: Worldwide, children represent a higher proportion of the population, with younger than age 15 accounting for 1.8 billion (28%) world’s 6.4 persons. Venipuncture and other invasive procedures (blood draws, intramuscular injections, heel pricks) are most commonly performed painful in during hospitalization. is stressful experience children. Nurses unique position to improve management...

BACKGROUND Procedural pain relief is sub-optimal in neonates. Topical tetracaine provides pain relief in children. Evidence of its efficacy and safety in neonates is limited. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of topical tetracaine on the pain response of neonates during a venipuncture. METHODS Medically stable infants greater than or equal to 24 weeks gestation...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of expressed breast milk (EBM), 25% dextrose (25 D) and sterile water (SW) on procedural pain in neonates as assessed by the premature infant pain profile (PIPP), changes in heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2) and duration of crying. DESIGN Prospective, double blind, randomized controlled trial. SETTING Postnatal ward of a tertiary-care hospital. PART...

INTRODUCTION The phlebotomists' procedures are a still source of laboratory variability. The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of minor modification in procedure for collection of diagnostic blood specimens by venipuncture from CLSI H03-A6 document is able to reduce the tourniquet application time. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty phlebotomists were invited to participate. Each phlebot...

Blood-injury phobia may present as a vasovagal syncope in response to the sight of blood or after receiving venipuncture. A 26-year-old man presented with a history of syncope induced by venipuncture. A transcranial Doppler (TCD) scan with monitoring of both heart rate and blood pressure reproduced the syncope and showed it to be vasovagal in nature. Treatment by practicing physical maneuvers, ...

Iatrogenic venous pseudoaneurysm (VP) formation after venipuncture is rare. This report showed 2 cases of VP following venipuncture, and VPs were resected surgically. A 58-year-old woman and a 56-year-old woman developed a soft antecubital mass after blood sampling from the basilic veins. One patient had the sensory disturbance of forearm. The mass was diagnosed as a VP with thrombus by duplex ...

A variety of nonhuman animals in zoo and research settings have been the subjects of classical and operant conditioning techniques. Much of the published work has focused on mammals, husbandry training, and veterinary issues. However, several zoos are training reptiles and birds for similar procedures, but there has been little of this work published. Using positive reinforcement techniques ena...