The Nuffield 200 ventilator was compared with a new valveless ventilator (CW 200) in 20 children undergoing general anaesthesia for paediatric surgery. The new ventilator incorporates design features which overcome the main disadvantages of the Nuffield 200 and make it an inherently safer machine. At identical ventilator settings it produced a significantly greater tidal volume with a reduction...

Introduction Surveillance for Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is problematic. The CDC published a new surveillance framework [1] with two main goals. • Broaden focus of surveillance beyond VAP to include other common ventilator-associated complications (VACs). • Produce objective surveillance definitions using quantitative data based on changes in ventilator settings. It introduces a hier...

Introduction / objectives Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an airways infection that must have developed more than 48 hours after the patient was intubated. Reducing mortality due to ventilator-associated pneumonia requires an organized process that guarantees early recognition of pneumonia and consistent application of the best evidencebased practices. The Ventilator Bundle is a series...

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most common health-care-associated infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and computer-assisted diagnosis and surveillance is called for. The frequency of ventilator-associated pneumonia was assessed prospectively during a 6-month period in the ICUs of a teaching hospital in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. To determine the accuracy of the Iranian Nos...

A ventilator system provides respiratory support to critically ill patients in the Intensive Care Unit. Increasing complexity in the user interface, features and functionalities of ventilator systems can cause medical errors and cost the life of a patient. Therefore, the usability of ventilator systems is most crucial to ensure patient safety. We have evolved a specialized set of heuristics com...

Ventilator management strategies can affect the risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia in 3 ways: the development of ventilator-induced lung injury; the need for potentially harmful tradeoffs in providing lung-protective ventilatory strategies; and the prolongation of the duration of mechanical ventilation from iatrogenic factors. Strategies to reduce ventilator-induced lung injury include a ...

Patient-ventilator synchrony and patient comfort are assumed to go hand in hand, yet few studies provide support for this common sense idea. In reality, synchrony between the patient and ventilator is complex and can be affected by the ventilator settings, type of ventilator, patient-ventilator interface, and sedation. Inspections of airway pressure and flow waveforms are reliable methods for d...

Historically, the relationship between the ventilator circuit and pulmonary infection was accepted as fact, without any scientific evidence. Hence the term, "ventilator"-associated pneumonia. Recent evidence, however, has demonstrated that the major sources of pneumonia in the ventilated patient are colonization of the gastrointestinal tract, with subsequent aspiration around the endotracheal t...

During this COVID-19 pandemic time, an unprecedented number of patients with severe respiratory illness require intensive care units (ICUs) under mechanical ventilation (MV) for sustaining life. Patient–ventilator asynchrony (PVA) is very common, and it occurs due to the mismatch between normal variability patients’ breathing patterns ventilator parameters. Asynchronies during invasive are caus...