STUDY DESIGN Cadaver study. OBJECTIVE To determine the bone density of lumbar vertebral anatomic subregions. Bone mineral density (BMD) is a major factor in osseous fixation construct strength. The standard region for implant fixation of the spine is the pedicle; however, other regions may be more viable options with higher bone quality. METHODS Using computed tomography images, the spine w...

The aim of this study was to establish two new formulas for objectively evaluating skeletal maturation of cervical vertebrae in female and male Brazilian subjects using lateral cephalometric radiographs. The sample included 128 girls and 110 boys, aged 7.0 to 15.9 years, from the files of the Oral Radiology Clinic, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (Unicamp), SP, Brazil. The cerv...

Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty have become common surgical techniques for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Vertebroplasty involves the percutaneous injection of bone cement into the cancellous bone of a vertebral body with the goals of pain alleviation and preventing further loss of vertebral body height. Kyphoplasty utilizes an inflatable balloon to create a cavity for the cem...

Introduction Over half of the 700,000 vertebral body fractures suffered annually by elderly Americans are unrelated to any single traumatic event (1) and the precise mechanisms of the fracture are not well understood. One possibility is that the fracture is due to a series of isolated, relatively high overloads (2); another is that it is due to lower level, more highly repetitive loads (3,4). I...

Vertebral fractures are an under-recognized problem in children with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). They cause severe back pain and spinal column deformity with a decrease of quality of life. For evaluating the bone mass, bone mineral density measurements have been widely carried out using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. However, bone histomorphometric analyses of GIO in children ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Increased fat content in vertebrae may indicate bone weakness. Vertebral proton MR spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) quantitatively measures vertebral fat relative to water. Thus, (1)H MRS measurements of percent fat fraction (%FF) and spectral line width (LW) of vertebral bone marrow may differ between subjects with and those without MR imaging evidence of weakened bone. METHODS...

Menatetrenone (vitamin K2) reduces the incidence of vertebral fractures but has only modest effects on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Combined treatment with bisphosphonates and menatetrenone may be more effective than treatment with bisphosphonates alone in preventing vertebral fractures, despite the lack of an additive effect of menatetrenone on the BMD ...

This study assessed mouse strain-related differences in vertebral biomechanics and histomorphometry in inbred mice strains shown to differ in bone mineral content (BMC) and areal density (BMD) (as measured by pDEXA). Lumbar vertebrae L3 to L5 were collected from three mice strains (C3H/HeJ[C3], C57BL/6J[B6], and DBA/2J[D2], n=12/strain, 4-month-old female, 22.2 +/- 0.3g). BMC and BMD were measu...

Along with the lengthening life span, maintaining good quality of life in the elderly is an important goal. We determined frequency and risk factors for osteoporosis and associated fractures among a Japanese cohort in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, known as the Adult Health Study (AHS). We found lower bone mass and a higher vertebral fracture prevalence among Japanese women, compared to women of Japan...

Bone mass, architecture, and tissue mineral density contribute to bone strength. As body mass (BM) increases any one or combination of these properties could change to maintain structural integrity. To better understand the structural origins of vertebral fragility and gain insight into the mechanisms that govern bone adaptation, we conducted an integrative analysis of bone mass and microarchit...