The nematophagous fungus Hirsutella rhossiliensis Minter and Brady produces adhesive spores that ge rmina te direct ly through the cuticle of host nematodes (3). When juveni les o f the plant-parasi t ic nematode Criconemella xenoplax (Raski) Luc and Raski were inoculated with spores of this fungus and incubated in water, only a small pe rcen tage became infec ted (3). Nematodes that were heat ...

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Biodentine® and two new nanostructured materials based on active silicate cements on exposed tooth pulp of Vietnamese pigs. The study comprised 40 teeth in two Vietnamese pigs (24 months old). After class V cavity preparation, the pulp on each tooth was exposed using a small round bur. The following materials were applied on pulp exposures: Bio...

Hop downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora humuli) and hop powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca humuli) are the most important fungal plant diseases of hop (Humulus lupulus). The early detection and diagnosis of pathogens are often aggravated with symptomless before mass infection or commutation with another pathogens. Molecular analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA is a novel and very...

Indirect evidence suggests that vascular coatings formed by plants in response to stress consist of suberin-like substances containing lipid and phenolic compounds. To provide more direct chemical evidence that coatings are suberin, we used a natural pathogen, Verticillium albo-atrum, or a stress-responsive hormone, abscisic acid, to induce coating in two isolines of tomato (Lycopersicon escule...