introduction: the term dynamic assessment (da) refers to an assessment, by an active teaching process, of a child's perception, learning, thinking, and problem solving. the process is aimed at modifying an individual's cognitive functioning and observing subsequent changes in learning and problem-solving patterns within the testing situation. da has been advocated as an alternative an...

Vision relies on constancy mechanisms. Yet, these are little understood, because they are difficult to investigate in freely moving organisms. One such mechanism, translation invariance, enables organisms to recognize visual patterns independent of the region of their visual field where they had originally seen them. Tethered flies (Drosophila melanogaster) in a flight simulator can recognize v...

purpose: to determine the prevalence of various types of visual field defects in patients with open angle glaucoma at the time of diagnosis. methods: this cross-sectional study was performed on patients who were referred to our glaucoma clinic. open angle glaucoma was confirmed by intraocular pressure measurement, perimetry, fundoscopic examination and gonioscopy. the last perimetry of patients...