The production and catabolism of very low density lipoprotein triglycerides (VLDL-TG) were determined in 11 index patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia and in their 70 first-degree relatives. In the probands the mean value for VLDL-TG production rate was twice normal, and the mean fractional catabolic rate (FCR) was reduced to 50% from normal. A similar kinetic pattern was also observed in...

High plasma levels of VLDL are associated with increased risk for atherosclerosis. Here we show that VLDL (75 to 150 microg/mL) activates nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), a transcription factor known to play a key role in regulation of inflammation. Oxidation of VLDL reduced its capacity to activate NF-kappaB in vitro, whereas free fatty acids such as linoleic and oleic acid activated NF-kapp...

The in vivo fate of /3-very low density lipoproteins (0-VLDLs) was investigated after Cu-mediated oxidative modification (Ox-0-VLDL). Ox-0-VLDL may be physiologically relevant under conditions of defective VLDL removal by the liver (type HI hyperlipoproteinemia) or overloading of the remnant receptor (high cholesterol feeding). On oxidation of /3 -VLDL, the kinetics of its removal from the bloo...

Isolated rat livers were perfused at 37 degrees C with blood-free, defined medium containing delipidized bovine serum albumin (BSA), BSA-oleate, or BSA-palmitate. Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) were isolated from the perfusate at 12 degrees C and lipid components were extracted and purified. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated multiple phase alterations in intact VLDL. The extract...

The effect of endotoxin on myocardial utilization of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) triacylglycerol (TAG) was studied. VLDL was prepared by rat liver perfusion and tested as substrate in the isolated working rat heart. Both liver and heart donor rats were pretreated in vivo with endotoxin or vehicle (control). VLDL-TAG synthesized by endotoxin-pretreated livers was assimilated and oxidized...

This study was designed to examine the integrated metabolism of apolipoprotein B (apo B) in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL), and low density lipoproteins (LDL) in normal subjects, obese patients, and a group of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Turnover rates of 131I-VLDL-B, 131I-IDL-B, 125I-LDL-B, and [3H]VLDL-triglycerides (TG) were dete...

Lipids are important substrates for oxidation at rest and during exercise. Aerobic exercise mediates a delayed onset decrease in total and VLDL-triglyceride (TG) plasma concentration. However, the acute effects of exercise on VLDL-TG oxidation and turnover remain unclear. Here, we studied the acute effects of 90 min of moderate-intensity exercise in healthy women and men. VLDL-TG kinetics were ...

Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) from human normolipemic plasma, and the VLDL, the intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), and LDL from patients with Type III hyperlipoproteinemic plasma were tested for their abilities to suppress the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in cultured human fibroblasts from normal subjects an...

Livers from fed or 24-hr fasted male rats were perfused in a recycling system. VLDL labeled with [1-14C]oleate (95% in triglyceride), produced in separate perfusions of livers from fed rats, was added to the medium as a pulse. Uptake of VLDL 14C-labeled triglyceride by livers from fasted rats was less than that from fed rats regardless of addition of oleate. During the interval in which radioac...

The differential effects of overexpression of human apolipoprotein (apo) E3 on plasma cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism were investigated in transgenic rabbits expressing low (<10 mg/dL), medium (10 to 20 mg/dL), or high (>20 mg/dL) levels of apoE3. Cholesterol levels increased progressively with increasing levels of apoE3, whereas triglyceride levels were not significantly affected at ap...