Not all tags are relevant to an image, and the number of relevant tags is image-dependent. Although many methods have been proposed for image auto-annotation, the question of how to determine the number of tags to be selected per image remains open. The main challenge is that for a large tag vocabulary, there is often a lack of ground truth data for acquiring optimal cutoff thresholds per tag. ...

A common task when publishing relational databases as RDF datasets is to automatically define a vocabulary using the schema data, called Database Schema Ontology (DSO). To automatically reuse terms from existing vocabularies, Ontology Matching (OM) algorithms are used to generate recommendations for the DSO vocabulary. However, when a relational database is partially published due to privacy re...

The present study examines the effect that annotation type has on L2 incidental vocabulary retention in a multimedia reading setting. Three annotation types were compared: text-only, picture-only, and a combination of the two. The participants were 151 adult ESL learners at beginning and intermediate language proficiency levels. The participants read a story for comprehension purposes using the...

Automatic event extraction form text is an important step in knowledge acquisition and knowledge base population. Manual work in development of extraction system is indispensable either in corpus annotation or in vocabularies and pattern creation for a knowledge-based system. Recent works have been focused on adaptation of existing system (for extraction from English texts) to new domains. Even...

Most bio text-mining efforts so far have focused on identification of biological, molecular and chemical entities from the literature to support knowledge acquisition and discovery in the life sciences. There are also a growing number of bioinformatics services and tools available. This raises the challenging problem of semi-automated annotation, documentation and discovery of services suitable...

We present improvements in confidence annotation of automatic speech recognizer output for large vocabulary, speakerindependent systems. Several strong additions to the set of predictor variables used for this purpose are discussed. Extensions which allow prediction of separate types of errors, as opposed to the simple presence of an error, are presented. A new development, acoustic confidence ...

In this paper, we propose a new approach of visual vocabulary optimization with spatial context, which contains important spatial information that has not been fully exploited. The novelty of our method mainly lies in two aspects: when spatial information is considered, and how spatial information is used. For the first aspect, the existing methods generally consider spatial information after t...

In our modern technological world, Computer-Assisted Language learning (CALL) is a new realm towards learning a language in general, and learning L2 vocabulary in particular. It is assumed that the use of multimedia annotations promotes language learners’ vocabulary acquisition. Therefore, this study set out to investigate the effects of different multimedia annotations (still picture annotati ...