INTRODUCTION Ospemifene (Osphena, Shionogi Inc, Florham, NJ, USA) is an estrogen agonist and antagonist approved by the U.S. Federal Drug Administration for the treatment of "moderate to severe dyspareunia, a symptom of vulvar and vaginal atrophy, due to menopause." Although published, peer-reviewed, placebo-controlled studies have shown objective improvement in dyspareunia and in vaginal atrop...

Context. Vulvar pain level may fluctuate in women with vulvodynia even in the absence of therapy; however, there is little evidence suggesting which factors may be associated with variability. Objective. Determine the feasibility of using smartphones to collect prospective data on vulvar pain and factors that may influence vulvar pain level. Methods. 24 clinically confirmed women were enrolled ...

OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the pathophysiology of vulvar vestibulitis and to evaluate currently used treatment options. METHODS Two hundred twenty women with vulvar vestibulitis were seen between October 1987 and March 1995. Every patient had vulvar pain when they attempted intercourse, 75% had excessive vaginal discharge, 36.4% had constant or recurring vulvar burning, and 10.9% ...

UNLABELLED Turner syndrome (TS) has been linked to a number of autoimmune conditions, including lichen sclerosus (LS), at an estimated prevalence of 17%. LS is a known precursor to vulvar cancer. We present a case of vulvar cancer in a 44-year-old woman, who had previously complained of pruritus in the area, a known symptom of LS. Histology confirmed a squamous cell carcinoma with underlying LS...

The goal of this study was to estimate a potential delay in the diagnosis of vulvar cancer and identify associated risk factors in women treated in gynecological practices in Germany. The current study sample included 1,652 women from 218 gynecological practices who received an initial diagnosis of vulvar cancer (ICD 10: C51) between January 2000 and December 2015 (index date). After applying s...

BACKGROUND Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is a chronic disorder caused by high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), most commonly HPV type 16 (HPV-16). Spontaneous regression occurs in less than 1.5% of patients, and the rate of recurrence after treatment is high. METHODS We investigated the immunogenicity and efficacy of a synthetic long-peptide vaccine in women with HPV-16-positive, ...

We report a patient with vulvar lichen sclerosus, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), and later vulvar cancer. In LCH, high amounts of non functional Langerhans cells are present in the affected tissue, making it possible that LCH may have contributed to vulvar cancer development in this patient.

BACKGROUND First described in 1872, syringomas are common intraepidermal sweat gland tumors most often found in women during adolescence. Frequent involvement areas are the lower eyelids and malar areas; vulvar involvement is relatively rare. These lesions often appear as small, separate, yellowish papules of about 1-3 mm in size and are generally associated with increased vulvar discomfort and...

Despite of the fact that the vulva contains a high density of apocrine and anogenital mammary glands in addition to eccrine glands and folliculosebaceous units, the benign vulvar adnexal tumours are rare. Though the varied clinical presentation and diverse histopathological spectrum of vulvar neoplasms has amazed the pathologists, only few studies have been reported in literature. The present f...

BACKGROUND We present a case of Actinomyces israelii causing vulvar mass suspicious for malignancy in a postmenopausal woman. CASE A 60 year-old woman presented due to a firm, nonmobile, 10 cm vulvar mass, which had been rapidly enlarging for 5 months. The mass was painful, with localized pruritus and sinus tracts oozing of serosanguinous fluid. Biopsy and cultures revealed a ruptured epiderm...