duction to a special issue based on the Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence (IAAI) conference. Because IAAI is the premier venue for documenting the transition of AI technology into application, these special issues provide a snapshot of the state of the art in AI with the practical syllogism in mind; they present work that has value because it delivers value in use. As a result,...

31 Endogenously bursting neurons play central roles in many aspects of 32 nervous system function, ranging from motor control to perception. The 33 properties and bursting patterns generated by these neurons are subject to 34 neuromodulation, which can alter cycle frequency and amplitude by 35 modifying the properties of the neuron’s ionic currents. In the 36 stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of th...

Endogenously bursting neurons play central roles in many aspects of nervous system function, ranging from motor control to perception. The properties and bursting patterns generated by these neurons are subject to neuromodulation, which can alter cycle frequency and amplitude by modifying the properties of the neuron's ionic currents. In the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster, P...

Effects of soil heterogeneity have been the focus of both field and theoretical research for the past decade (e.g., Hills et al., 1991; Hopmans et al., 1988; Mantoglou and Gelhar, 1987; McCord et al., 1991, Russo, 1991; Ünlü et al., 1990; Wierenga et al., 1991; Yeh et al., 1985a,b; Yeh et al., 1986). Analytical models are essential tools for investigating the effect of heterogeneity on flow and...

 Introduction and aim: Progressive systemic sclerosis (pSS) is a multisystemic connective tissue disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs including lung. The mechanisms that leads to progressive lung fibrosis in scleroderma remain obscure. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between HRCT findings and patients' clinical and functional status and the de...

Benchmarking coupled surface-subsurface flow models becomes more important as they are increasingly used for operational purposes (e.g. in water management) and long-term analysis (e.g. in climate change research). For this reason we inter-compare the hydrogeological models HydroGeoSphere and OpenGeoSys and present results with emphasis on the parametrization of the surface-soil water coupling ...

Husch A, Cramer N, Harris-Warrick RM. Long-duration perforated patch recordings from spinal interneurons of adult mice. J Neurophysiol 106: 2783–2789, 2011. First published September 7, 2011; doi:10.1152/jn.00673.2011.—It has been very difficult to record from interneurons in acute slices of the lumbar spinal cord from mice 3 wk of age. The low success rate and short recording times limit in vi...

Kloppenburg P, Zipfel WR, Webb WW, Harris-Warrick RM. Heterogeneous effects of dopamine on highly localized, voltageinduced Ca accumulation in identified motoneurons. J Neurophysiol 98: 2910–2917, 2007. First published August 29, 2007; doi:10.1152/jn.00660.2007. Modulation of synaptic transmission is a major mechanism for the functional reconfiguration of neuronal circuits. Neurotransmitter rel...

Each author recently attempted to replicate studies in which participants were asked to psychically detect an unseen gaze. RW’s studies failed to find any significant effects whilst MS’s study obtained positive findings. The authors then agreed to carry out the joint study described in this paper, in the hope of determining why they had originally obtained such different results. This joint stu...