The benefits of biodegradable and compostable (B&C) products are attained when the organic waste (OW) is composted. B&C products may improve the management of OW, so that greater and cleaner OW flows can be collected and composted. In this paper we show the case of the catering sector as an example of this. Disposable tableware is usually distributed at fast food restaurants and town festivals....

this study was accomplished in iran to investigate waste of common log sawing methods and to propose new sawing method. the old methods were performed due to difficulties on carrying logs out of forest. it seems necessary to change old methods due to development of sawmills and forest harvesting plans. the dimensions of wood products were collected to calculate the waste of old sawing methods ....

New generations of biorefinery combine innovative biomass waste resources from different origins, chemical extraction and/or synthesis of biomaterials, biofuels, and bioenergy via green and sustainable processes. From the very beginning, identifying and evaluating all potentially high value-added chemicals that could be removed from available renewable feedstocks requires robust, efficient, sel...

By analogy with natural ecosystems, an industrial ecology system, in addition to minimizing waste production in processes, would maximize the economical use of waste materials and of products at the ends of their lives as inputs to other processes and industries. This possibility can be made real only if a number of potential problems can be solved. These include the design of wastes along with...

The aim of this paper is to show possibilities for effective processing of hazardous waste using the vitrification method, which is recommended for disposing of ash from the combustion of sewage sludge and developing a process for the conversion of waste to a sustainable and environmentally safe product. The use of vitrification solves the problem of utilizing some hazardous waste by simultaneo...

In recent years, the amount of waste deriving from industrial processes has increased substantially. Many industries produce different types of disposable by-products, rich in valuable compounds. Their characterization and valorization could not only convert them into high value products with application in diverse biotechnological fields, such as Pharmaceutics, Food or Cosmetics, but would als...

Waste generation and its control have taken an important role in our environment. With the doubling of population and changing lifestyle pattern of the inhabitants the quantity of municipal waste generated is increasing in an alarming rate. Most of this waste is subjected to dumping in a specified disposal yard. The greatest challenge to the environmentalists is the eco friendly management of t...

Under the assumption of imperfect competition in a durable good industry, the present paper investigates the efficient regulation of solid waste which causes environmental damage at the end of the product’s life. It turns out that the second-best waste tax falls short of the marginal environmental damage if the producers rent their products but may also exceed the marginal damage if the produce...

Living systems use fuel-driven supramolecular polymers such as actin to control important cell functions. Fuel molecules like ATP are used to control when and where such polymers should assemble and disassemble. The cell supplies fresh ATP to the cytosol and removes waste products to sustain steady states. Artificial fuel-driven polymers have been developed recently, but keeping them in sustain...

The quantity and age of the incoming stream of “feedstock” from product take-back systems are known as the major sources of the uncertainty that complicates the e-waste recovery. This paper presents the results of an analysis of data from an incoming stream for an e-waste collection center and analyzes the quantity and age of e-waste by product type and brand. The analysis results point out rec...