Water vapour concentrations are measured using the optical absorption of a Zeeman-split emission line of an argon discharge lamp. When a longitudinal magnetic field of the proper magnitude is used to split the emission line, two components of opposite circular polarization are produced: one coincident, and one off-resonance with respect to a water vapour absorption line at 10 687.36 cm−1. Diffe...

The water vapour continuum absorption is an important component of molecular absorption of radiation in atmosphere. However, uncertainty in knowledge of the value of the continuum absorption at present can achieve 100% in different spectral regions leading to an error in flux calculation up to 3-5 W/m 2 global mean. This work uses line-by-line calculations to reveal the best spectral intervals ...

The DLR airborne water vapour differential absorption lidar (H2O DIAL) was employed as the core instrument on board the research aircraft Falcon 20 to validate the water vapour products of MIPAS on ENVISAT. During a dedicated campaign which was co-ordinated with the high-flying aircraft M55 Geophysika the H2O DIAL measured the 2-dimensional water vapour distribution as well as aerosol propertie...

Decontamination treatments of surfaces are performed on bacterial spores, albumin and brain homogenate used as models of biological contaminations in a low-pressure, inductively coupled plasma reactor operated with water-vapour-based gas mixtures. It is shown that removal of contamination can be achieved using pure H2O or Ar/H2O mixtures at low temperatures with removal rates comparable to oxyg...

Understanding the corrosion of uranium is important for its safe, long-term storage. Uranium metal corrodes rapidly in air, but the exact mechanism remains subject to debate. Atom Probe Tomography was used to investigate the surface microstructure of metallic depleted uranium specimens following polishing and exposure to moist air. A complex, corrugated metal-oxide interface was observed, with ...

The temperature and moisture data from TIROS operational vertical sounder (TOVS) are examined to obtain humidity parameters like, mid and upper tropospheric water vapour, and scale height of water vapour. Their usefulness in characterizing the onset of south-west (SW) monsoon over India is studied. The NOAA satellite data (finished product) with a resolution of 2.5 ~ lat/lon are used to obtain ...